Radiation Safety

Which is generally more harmful, non-ionizing radiation or ionizing radiation?

Ionizing Radiation

What is KvP? mAs?

• KvP

  • Controls the energy and penetration of the X-ray beam

  • “Contrast”

• mAs

  • The measure of the number of xray photons produced over a period of time

  • “Time“

What is Radiosensitivity?

The probability of a cell/tissue/organ suffering an effect per unit dose of radiation

Which cells are most Radiosensitive?

• Stem Cells

• Younger Tissues

• Dividing cells

What is A.L.A.R.A.?

• All doses should be kept….

  • As

  • Low

  • As

  • Reasonably

  • Achievable

How do we keep radiation exposure ALARA? Describe each part

• Time

  • Correct exposure settings

  • Rotate Staff

  • Avoid Repeats

• Distance

  • Use weighted sandbags, wedges, etc. 

    • This allows distance between you and then radiographs

• Shielding

  • Wear proper PPE

  • Stand behind lead lined objects

What is the inverse square law?

When you increase your distance from the source of radiation by a factor of two, it reduces your exposure by a factor of 1/4

What is proper PPE for taking radiographs?

• Lead-lined 

  • Gowns

  • Gloves

  • Thyroid shields

  • Etc.

How thick should the lead of PPE be?

0.5mm thickness (minimum, ideal is 1mm)