MUSC1303 Music Appreciation Unit 1 Test

tempo

Speed of the music

Dynamics

Volume

interval

distance between two notes

tibre

tone

cadence

pause after a phrase

contour

overall shape of a melody

meter

grouping of beats

theme

musical idea used as a building block in the construction of a larger work

chord

a group of notes sounded together, typically 3 or more

syncopation

accent on a normally unaccented piece

scale

set sequential pattern of notes within an octive

tonality

“Home base” in a piece of music form which you depart with a “sense of tension” and to which you return with a sense of “resolution”

ostinato

short musical pattern repeated over and over

opus

latin for work

genre

a category of music

oral transmission

music without notation transmitted by mouth

organum

first notated polyphony

veranacular

local language thats not latin

plainchant

a single line melody, early church worship

monastary

religious community

a cappella

vocal music without instruments

polyphony

more than 1 independant line of music sounding at the same time

word painting

music clearly describing the words

Protestant Reformation

reformed movement breaking from catholic church

counter-reformation

catholic church reforming itself

humanism

philosophy focusing on human well being

4 types of musical instruments

aerophones, chordophones, idiophones, membranophones

four orchestra groups of instruments

strings, brass, woodwinds, percussion

instrument families (high to low)

soprano, alto, tenor, bass

string family instruments

violin, viola, cello, double bass

T/F: all percussion instruments have an indefinite pitch

False

2/3 of the orchestra is this family of instruments

Strings

T/F: Pitch is determined by the length of the size of the vibrating object

True

Chamber Music

music for small ensembles in intimate settings (1 player per part)

how many reeds do these instruments use:

1. flute

2. oboe

3. clarinet

4. bassoon

5. saxophone

1. 0

2. 2

3. 1

4. 2

5. 1

differences between a

1. monophony

2. homophony

3. polyphony

1. single line

2. principle melody supported by harmony

3. multiple different parts harmonizing with each other

difference between

1. sacred music

2. secular music

1. religious

2. non-religious

difference between

1. strophic

2. modified strophic

3. through-composed form

1. same music different words

2. all music in between the two

3. nothing repeats

Western Civilization is what, came from where and when?

(civilization is culture attitudes and values);

ancient Greece - 1000BC - Judeo Christian Values

do we know what ancient civilizations’ music sounded like (exactly)

no, music was not scored/no notation

what is Feudelism

political system that was based on land ownership

year of the fall of the Roman Empire

476AD

Early middle ages

476AD-1000AD

Late middle ages

1000AD-1450AD

Language of Mass and learning in the middle ages

Latin

what institution and structures were begun in the late Mideival period

Universities and Cathedrals

what were the crusades

military wars to the Holy land to regain Palestine for Christianity

Two musical benefits from the Crusades

concepts of scales, new instruments

who are the Troubadours and Trouveres

noble born poet musicians

common subjects of Troubadour and trouvere songs

unrequited love, shivalry

Different kinds of chants:

1. Syllabic

2. Neumatic

3. Melismatic

1. one note per syllable

2. several notes per syllable

3. many notes per syllable

The two services of worship in the Middle Ages

Mass

Daily Offices in a monastery

which category of mass stays the same?

Ordinary

Which category of mass varies?

Proper

Two principal composers in the middle ages

Hildegard, Machaut

Most of the surviving music from the middle ages was Sacred or Secular?

Sacred

Most Significant development in the history of western music

polyphony

Dates of he renaissance

1450AD-1600AD

meaning of the word “Renaissance”

Rebirth

What language is “Renaissance”

French

how was knowledge preserved in the middle ages

monks and nuns copied them

two great inventions during the renaissance

printing press

compass

inventor of the printing press

gutenberg

T/F: was the stufy of music considered part of the proper upbringing in the Renaissance

True

two principal genres of of secular vocal music in the Renaissance

Italian Madrigal

French Chanson

two principal genres of sacred music in the Renaissance

Motet

Mass

What country did the madrigal originate

Italy

What country ran with the madrigal and created it’s own native form

England

main leader of the Protestant Reformation

Martin Luthor

Definition of Renaissance Motet

Latin song used for worship

how Cantus Firmus composition works

“Fixed Melody”; elongate notes from a chant, writing new music above

how immitative polyphony works

one voice begins

another immitates the first, etc

cadence

repeat

what was the most significant concern of the cardinals of the coucil of trent?

unintelligability was getting in the way of words

what composer satisfied the demands of the council of trent?

Palestrina

Tro most influential composers of the Renaissancse

Palestrina, Josquin

Did the renaissance see a rise in making music in the home

True

Cori Spezzati (Polychoral music)

performing ensembles spacially separated by instruments

chruch where Cori Spezzati originated

cathedral of St.Mark;

Venice, Italy

Mass movements of the ordinary

Kyrie

Gloria

Credo

Sanctus

Agnus Dei