BIO 100: First exam

what was the topic of your Reflective Journal #4?

high fructose increasing risk of ovarian cancer spreading or returing

What can cause mutations in genes that can then result in cancer?

Viruses, UV radiation, and some chemicals, like in tobacco smoke

What human cells contain the gene that codes for melanin, the protein that gives some skin cells a brown color?

Gametes, cells in the skin, and cells in the brain AKA ALL CELLS WITH DNA

If 5% of the DNA in a chromosome is made of Guanine, what percentage of the chromosome is made of Cytosine?

5%

What is Transcription

Transcription is the process of making a new RNA molecule.

during transcription (copying a segment of DNA into messenger mRNA) what does A translate to?

U

what is translation?

Translation is the process that builds a new protein molecule, which gives us a trait.

memorize this as largest to smallest:

skin cell, human genome, X chromosome, gene, nucleotide

Biologists currently consider something to be a living thing if it...

is made of one or more cells

is bacteria alive?

yes

Based on its STRUCTURE, biologists would consider a VIRUS...

not to be alive because it is not made of one or more cells

remember these smallest to largest:

atoms, molecules, bacteria, human cells, grains of rice

what size order are these in: mitochondrion, virus, hemoglobin, glucose, water molecule

LARGEST to SMALLEST

what size order are these in: skin cell, human genome, X chromosome, gene, nucleotide

LARGEST to the SMALLEST

If 5% of the DNA in a chromosome is made of Guanine, what percentage of the chromosome is made of Cytosine?

5%