Prejudice, Stereotypes, and Discrimination.

These flashcards cover key concepts related to prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination, as discussed in the lecture notes.

Prejudice

A hostile or negative attitude toward a distinguishable group of people, based solely on their group membership.

Discrimination

Unjustified negative or harmful action toward a member of a group because of their membership in that group.

Stereotypes

Beliefs about the personal attributes of a group whereby most (or all) people in that group are thought to possess those attributes.

Systemic Racism

Institutional practices that promote domination of one group over another.

Ingroup Bias

The tendency to favor one's own group over an outgroup.

Contact Hypothesis

The theory that direct contact between hostile groups will reduce intergroup prejudice under certain conditions.

Social Dominance Orientation

A measure of an individual's preference for social hierarchy and inequality among social groups.

Realistic Conflict Theory

A theory that hostility, prejudice, and conflict arise from competition over limited resources.

Stereotype Threat

The risk of confirming negative stereotypes about an individual's group, which can negatively impact performance.

Behavioral Confirmation

A process by which people act in ways that confirm their own or others' expectations.

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

A prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true.

Outgroup Homogeneity

The perception that outgroup members are more similar to one another than ingroup members are to one another.

Zero-Sum Competition

A situation in which one group's gain is equivalent to another group's loss.

Cognitive Misers

A term describing the tendency to take mental shortcuts to conserve cognitive resources.

Frustration-Aggression Theory

The theory that if an individual experiences frustration and cannot reconcile the source of their frustration, they may displace that frustration onto a disliked group.