Irene Gold Board Reviews Pathology Practice Questions

What type of degeneration occurs in the brain?

a. dystrophic

b. Liquefactive

c. Coagulation

d. Caseous

b. Liquefactive

The release of a hormone from the anterior pituitary prior to growth plates closing would cause which condition?

a. Wilson's disease

b. Achondroplasia

c. Acromegaly

d. Gigantism

d. Gigantism

Which occupation is most likely to suffer from silicosis

a. Rose gardeners

b. Sheep farmers

c. Sand worker

d. Construction worker

c. Sand worker

Which occupation is most likely to suffer from siderosis

a. Construction workers

b. Sheep farmers

c. Iron workers

d. Dairy farmers

c. Iron workers

Which type of pneumoconiosis leads to mesothelioma

a. Asbestosis

b. Anthracosis

c. Coccidiomycosisi

d. Siderosis

a. Asbestosis

Which diseases causes bronzing of the face and lips

a. Cushing's disease

b. Addison's disease

c. Grave's disease

d. Hashimoto's thyroiditis

b. Addison's disease

Rheumatic fever destroys which valve of the heart

a. Aortic

b. Pulmonic

c. Mitral

d. Tricuspid

c. Mitral

Histoplasmosis is a disease that primarily affects which of the following?

a. Lung

b. Liver

c. Spleen

d. Pancreas

a. Lung

Tuberculosis causes which type of necrosis in the lungs

a. Coagulative

b. Liquefactive

c. Caseous

d. Dystrophic

c. Caseous

Which of the following is not a characteristic of nephrotic syndrome?

a. Hypolipidemia

b. Hyperalbuminemia

c. Hypertension

d. Proteinuria

b. Hyperalbuminemia

Which of the following causes episodic hypertension

a. Pheochromocytoma

b. Adenocarcinoma

c. Chondrosarcoma

d. Hyperthyroidism

a. Pheochromocytoma

Which of the following has the lowest risk of cervical cancer?

a. Oral contraceptives

b. Breast feeding

c. Obesity

d. Nulliparous

b. Breast feeding

HPV 16 and 18 cause which type of cancer?

a. cervical

b. Ovarian

c. Breast

d. GI

a. cervical

Glucose in the urine is an indication of ___

a. Diabetes insipidus

b. Tubules have reached maximum glucose

c. Renal diabetes

d. Gestational diabetes

b. Tubules have reached maximum glucose

Which of the following has a genetic component and includes skip lesions?

a. crohn's

b. Ulcerative colitis

c. Diverticulitis

d. Irritable bowel syndrome

a. crohn's

Which of the following causes achalasia

a. Gastric reflux

b. Degeneration of nerve cells in the esophagus

c. Esophageal fistula

d. Vagus nerve irritation of the esophagus

b. Degeneration of nerve cells in the esophagus

Which of the following has been linked as a cause of burkitt's lymphoma?

a. Chronic irritation of the esophagus

b. Immunodeficiency

c. Epstein barr virus

d. Streptococcus pyogenes

c. Epstein barr virus

What is the most common cause of a pulmonary embolism?

a. Arterial thrombus

b. Venous thrombus

c. Capillary distension

d. Surgery

b. Venous thrombus

Disruption of the cervical ganglia C8-T1 is most likely to cause ___

a. Horner's syndrome

b. Metastatic changes

c. Virchow's node

d. Nerve root compression

a. Horner's syndrome

Several neural tumors and cafe au spots are indicative of ____

a. Neurofibromatosis

b. Fibrous dysplasia

c. Ewing's sarcoma

d. Paget's disease

a. Neurofibromatosis

Distal to proximal paralysis following an infection is commonly associated with which of the following conditions

a. LMNL

b. Polio

c. Guillain barre

d. Duchenne's

c. Guillain barre

Which of the following can cause multiple ischemic episodes

a. Encephalitis

b. Meningitis

c. TIA

d. Deep vein thrombophlebitis

c. TIA

Purulent discharge contains which type of cells?

a. Basophils

b. Neutrophils

c. Lymphocytes

d. Mast cells

b. Neutrophils

Which white blood cell is elevated if the patient has mononucleosis

a. Basophils

b. Monocytes

c. Lymphocytes

d. Neutrophils

c. Lymphocytes

Which of the following produces vasodilation when there is inflammation

a. Eosinophiles

b. Histamine

c. Macrophages

d. Monocytes

b. Histamine

Which condition is characterized by lack of T cells and hypoplasia if the thymus

a. Vruton's

b. Digeorge's

c. Combined immune deficiency

d. Von gierke's

b. Digeorge's

Which organism is the most common cause of osteomyelitis

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

b. Staphylococcus aureus

c. Staphylococcus epidermidis

d. Listeria monocytogenes

b. Staphylococcus aureus

Which of the following is the most common cause of death in children under the age of 7?

a. Leukemia

b. Multiple myeloma

c. Non-hodgkin's lymphoma

d. Pneumonia

a. Leukemia

Which anemia results from the destruction of bone marrow?

a. Hemolytic anemia

b. Iron deficiency anemia

c. Aplastic anemia

d. Megaloblastic anemia

c. Aplastic anemia

Which type of anemia is caused by a decrease in gastric secretions

a. Iron deficiency

b. Hemolytic

c. Aplastic

d. Pernicious

d. Pernicious

Which of the following is most common in boys under age of 15 yo?

a. Lymphoma

b. Leukemia

c. Ewing's sarcoma

d. Osteosarcoma

b. Leukemia

What is the most commonly associated with cause of trisomy 21

a. Advanced maternal age

b. Father exposed to radiation

c. Drugs

d. Alcohol

a. Advanced maternal age

Which of the following has a familial distribution and can possibly be triggered by infection?

a. Huntington's

b. Creutzfeld jacob

c. Alzheimers

d. Guillain barre

b. Creutzfeld jacob

Osteolytic changes followed by osteoblastic changes are commonly associated with which condition?

a. Osteosarcoma

b. Paget's disease

c. Multiple myeloma

d. Osteoarthritis

b. Paget's disease

What is the most common malignancy of bone?

a. Metastasis

b. Osteoblastoma

c. Osteosarcoma

d. Multiple myeloma

a. Metastasis

Which secondary cancer of the ovary metastasis from the stomach

a. Barrett's esophagus

b. Chondroblastoma

c. Wilms tumor

d. Krukenberg tumor

d. Krukenberg tumor

Haygarth's nodes are commonly found in which population?

a. Females

b. Males

c. Children

d. Babies

a. Females

Dry eyes and dry mouth are associated with which condition?

a. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis

b. Sjorgen's disease

c. Osteoarthritis

d. Osteoporosis

b. Sjorgen's disease

White-yellow urate crystals are associated with which of the following?

a. Kidney stones

b. Tophi

c. Pitted nails

d. Proteinuria

b. Tophi

Which of the following is commonly increased in a heart attack?

a. CRP

b. Hemoglobin A1C

c. BUN

d. A/G ratio

a. CRP

Which condition will present with a chronic abnormal number of lymphocytes and an abnormal immune response?

a. Infectious mononucleosis

b. Gullan barre syndrome

c. Cancer

d. Arthritis

c. Cancer

Which of the following is associated with blurred vision and headache in the elderly?

a. Cluster headache

b. Temporal arteritis

c. Migraine headache

d. Tension headache

b. Temporal arteritis

Which of the following is a tumor derived from all 3 germ layers?

a. Fibroma

b. Teratoma

c. Adenoma

d. Leiomyoma

b. Teratoma

Which of the following conditions produces a cyst like formation in the spinal cord?

a. Syringomyelia

b. Chordoma

c. Multiple sclerosis

d. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

a. Syringomyelia

Which disease will destroy villi with the consumption of gluten

a. Ulcerative colitis

b. Digeorge syndrome

c. Non-celiac gluten sensitivity disease

d. Familial dysautonomia

c. Non-celiac gluten sensitivity disease

Which of the following is not associated with rheumatic fever

a. Sydenham's chorea

b. Mitral valve degeneration

c. Erythema marginatum

d. Viral infection

d. Viral infection

What is the most common location for cancer of the kidney?

a. Hilum

b. PCT

c. Loop of henle

d. Minor calyx

b. PCT

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is often accompanied by ___

a. Diabetes insipidus

b. Diabetes mellitus

c. Renal diabetes

d. Gestational diabetes

b. Diabetes mellitus

Which of the following is most common cause of sexually transmitted diseases

a. Chlamydia

b. Neisseria

c. Staphylococcus

d. Streptococcus

a. Chlamydia

What disease involves an inborn error of copper metabolism

a. Tay sachs disease

b. Huntington's chorea

c. Familial dysautonomia

d. Wilson's disease

d. Wilson's disease

A 12 yo male presents with deformity of bones and a coast of main rash

a. Fibrous dysplasia

b. Osteochondroma

c. Chondrometaplasia

d. Neurofibromatosis

a. Fibrous dysplasia

Which of the following disorder is caused by protein malnutrition

a. Kwashiorkor

b. Marasmus

c. Beri beri

d. Wilson's disease

a. Kwashiorkor

Which of the following is the most common benign tumor in females?

a. Cervical cancer

b. Leiomyoma

c. Fibroadenoma

d. Enchondroma

c. Fibroadenoma

Overuse and trauma to the joints can cause which of the following

a. Osteoarthritis

b. Rheumatoid arthritis

c. Chronic osteomyelitis

d. Gouty arthritis

a. Osteoarthritis

A decrease in intrinsic factor producing gastritis can result in which anemia

a. Microcytic

b. Pernicious

c. Iron deficiency

d. Normochromic

b. Pernicious

Which of the following is a gram-negative diplococcus

a. Gonorrhea

b. Syphilis

c. Lymphogranuloma venereum

d. Chancroid

a. Gonorrhea

Which of the following conditions begins with weakening of eye muscles

a. MS

b. Syringomyelia

c. Myasthenia gravis

d. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

c. Myasthenia gravis

Which joint of the body is most commonly affected if the patient has gonorrhea

a. Shoulder

b. Hip

c. Ankle

d. Knee

d. Knee

What is the number 1 cause of neonatal death

a. Respiratory distress

b. Maternal high blood pressure

c. Fetal alcohol syndrome

d. Premature birth

d. Premature birth

Systemic sclerosis will affect which part of the GI system?

a. Ileum

b. Colon

c. Esophagus

d. Jejunum

c. Esophagus

Esophageal varices are most commonly caused by ___

a. Alteration of Ph in the stomach

b. Gallbladder disease

c. Hypertension

d. Alcohol abuse

d. Alcohol abuse

Cardiac tamponade is caused by which of the following

a. Increased fluid in the pericardial space

b. Excess fluid in the left atrium

c. Increased pressure at the apex of the heart

d. Pulmonary malfunction

a. Increased fluid in the pericardial space

AVN of the femoral head in children is ___

a. Acetabular displacement

b. Hip dysplasia

c. Slipped capital epiphysis

d. Legg calve perthes disease

d. Legg calve perthes disease

Which part of the pancreas is the most common part to develop cancer?

a. Head

b. tail

c. Neck

d. Body

a. Head

Compression of the interdigital nerve would cause which?

a. Carpal tunnel

b. Motron's neuroma

c. Tassel tunnel syndrome

d. De Quervain's disease

b. Motron's neuroma

Elephantiasis is caused by a __ blockage

a. Lymph node

b. Lymphatic system

c. Venous

d. Arterial

b. Lymphatic system

What is the most common condition that occurs following administration of a vaccine

a. Guillain barre

b. Mononucleosis

c. Leukopenia

d. Virchow's nodes

a. Guillain barre

Posterior displacement of the distal radius after a fracture is a ___ fracture?

a. Torus

b. Galeazzi

c. Colles

d. Smith

c. Colles

Wallerian degeneration is usually followed by ___

a. Rebuilding of the myelin sheath axoplasm

b. Something about cutting in half

c. Rapid destruction of myelin protein

d. Astroglial scar

d. Astroglial scar

What is the autoimmune cause of hypothyroidism

a. Iodine deficiency

b. Sodium imbalance

c. Antibodies that attack healthy tissue

d. Increased TSH

c. Antibodies that attack healthy tissue

Which of the following conditions is associated with a lack of fibrous connection in bone?

a. Fibrous dysplasia

b. Osteopetrosis

c. Osteochondroma

d. Osteomalacia

a. Fibrous dysplasia

Which of the following is associated with a build up of copper and kayser fleischer rings

a. Plumer vinson

b. Wilsons

c. Hirschsprings

d. Burtons gammaglobulinemia

b. Wilsons

Which disease has the highest amount of antibodies against thyroglobulin

a. Graves

b. Hashimotos

c. Systemic lupus

d. MS

a. Graves

Which of the following is associated with anovulation, obesity and hirsutism

a. PCOS

b. Endometriosis

c. Cervical cancer

d. Leiomyoma

a. PCOS

Which of the following is a debilitating factor associated with cancer treatment and weight loss

a. Kwashiorkor

b. Marasmus

c. Cachexia

d. Anasarca

c. Cachexia

Which of the following is primarily responsible for peripheral neuropathy

a. MS

b. Aortic stenosis

c. Amyoptroci lateral sclerosis

d. Diabetes mellitus

d. Diabetes mellitus

Which of the following is true regarding myasthenia gravis

a. Has sensory and motor findings

b. Affects the ocular muscle

c. More common in males

d. Is food related

b. Affects the ocular muscle

Which of the following agranulocytes change to phagocytes at the granular levels

a. Monocytes

b. Lymphocytes

c. Eosinophiles

d. Basophils

a. Monocytes

Which of the following is X linked and decreases B cells

a. Celiac disease

b. Bruton's agammaglobulinemia

c. Digeorge's

d. Severe combined immunodeficiency disease

b. Bruton's agammaglobulinemia

Which of the following is associated with tall stature and arachnodactyly

a. Acromegaly

b. Graves disease

c. Marfans

d. Klippel feil

c. Marfans

Which of the following is associated with blurred vision and headache

a. Cluster headache

b. Temporal arteritis

c. Migraine headache

d. Tension headache

b. Temporal arteritis

Which of the following sex-linekd disease is only present in males

a. Kleinfelter's syndrome

b. Turner's

c. Duchennes

d. Marfans

a. Kleinfelter's syndrome

Which of the following is a tumor derived from all three germ layers?

a. Fibroma

b. Teratoma

c. Adenoma

d. Leiomyoma

b. Teratoma

Which autoimmune disease affects the extraocular muscles

a. Multiple sclerosis

b. Syringomyelia

c. Diabetes mellitus

d. Myasthenia gravis

d. Myasthenia gravis

Which pathology is associated with an immature thymus

a. Von gierke

b. Severe combined immune deficiency

c. Digoreges

d. Brutons

c. Digoreges

Which of the following is associated with short stature and amenorrhea

a. Fragile X

b. Turner's

c. Marfans

d. Kleinfelter's

b. Turner's

Which is associated with Ghon Lesions

a. Tuberculosis

b. Pulmonary fibrosis

c. Pneumonia

d. COPD

a. Tuberculosis

What is the main function of the myenteric plexus

a. Regular ach

b. Local secretion and absorption of nutrients

c. Control smooth muscle contraction

d. Regulate skeletal muscle

c. Control smooth muscle contraction

A diabetic patient is at greater risk of which arthritis

a. RA

b. OA

c. AS

d. Reactive arthritis

a. RA

A leiomyoma is a ___ tumor of ___ muscle

a. malignant , striated

b. Benign, striated

c. Benign, smooth

d. Malignant, smooth

c. Benign, smooth

Which of the following can be found in the soul on the eastern seaboard

a. Blastomycosis

b. Coccidiomycosis

c. Histoplasmosis

d. Aspergillosis

a. Blastomycosis

Which of the following is a benign tumor of skeletal muscle

a. Rhabdomyosarcoma

b. Leiomyoma

c. Rhabdomyoma

d. Hemangioma

c. Rhabdomyoma

Which disease will destroy villi with the consumption of gluten

a. Non-celiac gluten sensitivity disease

b. Familial dysautonomia

c. Digeorge syndrome

d. Ulcerative colitis

a. Non-celiac gluten sensitivity disease

Which vitamin deficiency will lead to dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea, and eventually death

a. Thiamine

b. Niacin

c. Pantothenate

d. Riboflavin

b. Niacin

Which of the following tumors is derived from three germ layers

a. Burkett's lymphoma

b. Krukenberg

c. Myxoma

d. Teratoma

d. Teratoma

Which of the following is caused by absence of the myenteric plexus?

a. Achalasia

b. Barrett's esophagus

c. Hirschsprung's disease

d. Ulcerative colitis

c. Hirschsprung's disease

Which of the following presents with dry eyes, dry mouth, and rheumatoid arthritis?

a. Systemic lupus erythematosus

b. Reactive arthritis

c. Myxedema

d. Sjorgen's

d. Sjorgen's

Which of the following is not a finding in tetralogy of fallot?

a. Dextrorotation of the aorta

b. Right ventricular hypertrophy

c. Ventricular defect

d. Pulmonic regurgitation

d. Pulmonic regurgitation

What is the initial location of a pulmonary embolism

a. Deep vein in lower leg

b. Deep vein in upper leg

c. Alveoli of the lung

d. Superficial veins in the leg

a. Deep vein in lower leg

Which of the following conditions leads to cervical cancer?

a. Molluscum contagiosum

b. Condylomata lata

c. Human papillomavirus

d. Gardeneraella vaginialis

c. Human papillomavirus