Chemistry Exam 2 Notes

Law of Conservation of Mass

in chemical reactions, the number of atoms always remains the same

limiting reagent

when stoichiometry is ignored, the reactant that “runs out” before the other

theoretical vs actual yield

theoretical — amount of product expected based on total conversion of limiting reagent

actual yield — real or actual amount obtained

molarity

moles of solute/liters of solvent

required moles (dilution)(n)

n = cv

c = required concentration of working solution

v= required volume of working solution

required volume of stock solution (V₀)

V₀= n₀/c₀

n₀ = total moles

c_{0 =} concentration of stock solution

in dilution problems _____________

the amount of solute does not change.

experimental yield

experimental % yield = actual yield %/theoretical yield%