unit 3 terms list 3

Alexis de Tocqueville

wrote the book "democracy in america"
argued that people lacked typical aristocracies, people could rise and fall
just because you are born poor doesn't mean you can't be rich

Dorr Rebellion

- led by thomas dorr
- were upset over the voting requirements in Rhode Island that allowed only landholders to vote

Second Party System

- many believed parties were essential to democracy
- National republicans v. democratic-republicans
- later on the NR became the whigs and DR became democrats

Spoils system

- patronage, reward supporters with jobs
- when ever someones supported or helped andrew jackson they would have a federal job.

John C Calhoun

- VP under JQA and jackson (1st term)
- wrote the SC exposition and protest
- urged states to nullify the tariff of abominations
- He favored protective tariffs, states' rights, limited government, nullification, and free trade, and best known for his defense of slavery.

Tariffs of 1828 and 1832

- tariff of abominations passed in 1828 was hated by the southerners
- so the tariff of 1832 was a protectionist tariff in the United States. It was passed as a reduced tariff to remedy the conflict created by the tariff of 1828
- as a result henry clay passed the compromise tariff of 1833

Nullification Crisis

- the result of a conflict between the Jackson Administration and the state of South Carolina over the question of federal tariffs.
- Jackson insisted nullification was treason
- A.J. proposed a force bill authorizing the president to use the military to ensure acts of Congress were obeyed

Peggy Eaton Affair

A social scandal where many wealthy cabinet member's wives snubbed the socially unacceptable Peggy Eaton, wife of John Eaton. Jackson sided with the Eatons, and the affair helped to dissolve the cabinet

Martin Van Buren

Eighth president of the United States who was a key organizer of the Democratic Party, a dominant figure in the Second Party System, and a key figure in building the structure for Jacksonian Democracy.

webster hayne debate

- states' rights (hayne) v. National Power (webster)
-an unplanned series of speeches in the Senate,

Five Civilized Tribes

- were the five Native American nations—the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole
- located in the south GA, AL, MS, FL

Removal Act of 1830

- jackson advocated the removal of natives west of the mississippi
- after the decline of a propsed treaty with the cherokee

Trail of Tears

- mass exodus of the Natives
- occurs after AJ forcefully removes natives from the south

Nicholas Biddle

- President of the Bank of the US
- he struggled to keep the bank functioning when President Jackson tried to destroy it

Jacksons Veto

- Jackson vetoes the recharter of the BUS
- declaring that the Bank was "unauthorized by the Constitution, subversive to the rights of States, and dangerous to the liberties of the people."

Roger B Taney

- Jackson's treasury secretary, appointed cheif justice of the supreme court after the death of John Marshall

Charles River Bridge v Warren Bridge

- declared that contracts could be breaded if it benefited the community
- in essence it reversed the dartmouth college v. woodward case

The Whig Party

- formed in response to "king andrew l"
- favored a strong central government
- promoted industry and internal improvements (especially in the west)

Panic of 1837

Causes
- overspeculation (buying a product and selling for a bigger price )
- crop failures
- panics in europe
Effects
-100s of banks failed
- unemployment grew
- prices of land dropped

Independent Treasury System

-government money would no longer be in private banks

Webster Ashburton Treaty

- resolved a boundary dispute between maine and canada

Treaty of Wang Hya of 1844

The first treaty signed between China and the United States, signed at the persuasive bay of Caleb Cushing, it secured many vital trade and commercial rights from the Chinese.