PHOTOSYNTHESIS QUIZ

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Cellular respiration
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process that takes place in the mitochondria and breaks down sugar in the presence of oxygen to release energy in the form of ATP. uses up chemical energy
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Chloroplast structure
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Outer membrane, inner membrane, stroma, thylakoids stacked in grana (granum)
Outer membrane, inner membrane, stroma, thylakoids stacked in grana (granum)

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Biology

11th

31 Terms

1
Cellular respiration
process that takes place in the mitochondria and breaks down sugar in the presence of oxygen to release energy in the form of ATP. uses up chemical energy
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2
Chloroplast structure
Outer membrane, inner membrane, stroma, thylakoids stacked in grana (granum)
Outer membrane, inner membrane, stroma, thylakoids stacked in grana (granum)
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3
lumen
space inside the thylakoid
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4
matrix
space in between mitochondria membranes
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5
autotroph
plants that produce their own food using CO2, energy from light, or inorganic chemical reactions
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6
NADPH
Is an ELECTRON DONOR, provides REDUCING power for anabolic reactions and redox balance
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7
ATP
transfers energy cells
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8
metabolism
sum of all processes in a cell; has both anabolic and catabolic reactions. These reactions need activation energy, and catalysts+enzymes help lower activation energy so reactions start easier.
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9
anabolic reaction
create bigger molecules from smaller subunits
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10
catabolic
breaks down molecules into smaller pieces
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11
enzymes
enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts and speed up chemical reactions
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12
pigment

Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids. They either absorb or reflect wavelengths

note;

  • absorption spectrum; amount of each wavelength absorbed

  • action spectrum; effectiveness of a wavelength

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13
limiting factors of photosynthesis
light, temperature, carbon dioxide

\
note; temp increases rate of ps UNTIL it reaches 40 degrees. The enzymes are sensitive and destroyed under high temp.
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14
oxidation (LEO)
LOSES ELECTRONS OXIDATION (LEO), energy is lost
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15
reduction (GER)
GAINS ELECTRONS REDUCTION, energy is gained. Happens at the same time as oxidation.
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16
when and where do light-dependent reactions occur?
During the day, in the thylakoids
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17
photolysis
when molecules are broken down into smaller units thru light absorption
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18
what doe light dependent reactions make?
ATP and NADPH
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19
photosystems

main purpose to absorb n transfer light energy (transfers electrons)

  • found in thylakoid membranes

  • depends on pigments inside the thylakoid

  • there is 2; Photosystem I, photosystem II.

  • photosystem II happens before photosystem I

  • they act like “light gathering antenna”

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20
photosynthesis
light energy converted to chemical energy (glucose)
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21
mitochondria
the site of CR. Has 2 membranes, the space between them is called the matrix. The matrix chemicals+proteins that break down carbs to ATP
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22
ATP
adenosine triphosphate. ATP stores energy for reactions when energy is needed by the cell.
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23
when n where do LIR (light independent reactions) occur
  • happens at anytime, after NADPH + ATP is created. Then, the calvin-benson cycle takes place.

  • Occurs in the stroma.

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24
stroma
yellowish liquid that contains chemicals + proteins for PS (photosynthesis)
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25
Calvin-Benson Cycle

each turn of calvin cycle “fixes” carbon,

  • 3 turns makes PGAL/G3P, fixing 3 CO2’s

  • 6 turns makes 1 glucose

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26
what do LIR’s make?
  1. carbon is fixed to a molecule

  2. glucose is formed

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27
REDOX
  1. e-’s are lost and gained in the form of hydrogen

  2. water DONATES e-’s n is oxidized. WATER SPLITS AND OXYGEN IS PRODUCED

  3. carbon accepts e-’s n REDUCES to form sugar

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28
GLUCOSE REACTION
C6H12O6
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29
PGAL/G3P
this is the sugar product of the calvin cycle. IT IS NOT PROPER SUGAR. \* it has 3 carbon sugar \*
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30
metabolic pathways
anabolic reaction and catabolic reaction
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31
rubisco
enzyme in chloroplast, fixes atmospheric CO2 during photosynthesis and calvin cycle
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