1.2 Elements of Life + 1.3 rxns that build/break macromolecules

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Last updated 4:16 AM on 8/26/26
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8 Terms

1
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elements of organic compounds

C,H,O,N,P,S

2
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how is carbon able to form large, complex, and diverse molecules

tetravalence - 4 electrons in outer shell

3
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hydrocarbons

organic molecules consisting of only carbon and hydrogen -repel water, release large amounts of energy when undergo reactions, non-polar

4
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hydrophobic

water fearing - non-polar/no charge

5
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hydrophilic

water loving - polar/has a charge

6
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all living things are made up of these large biological molecules…

Carbohydrates-polymer

Lipid-monomer-phosphorus

Proteins-polymer-sulfur

Nucleic acid-polymer-nitrogen, phosphorus

7
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1.3 Hydrolysis

splits monomers apart by adding a water molecules - catabolic

-breaks down molecules into smaller molecules

<p>splits monomers apart by <u><mark data-color="#4cdd2e" style="background-color: rgb(76, 221, 46); color: inherit;">adding</mark> </u>a water molecules - <strong>catabolic </strong></p><p>-breaks down molecules into smaller molecules</p>
8
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1.3 dehydration/condensation reaction

two monomers bond together through loss of a water molecule - anabolic

-hydrogen ion removed from one monomer, hydroxyl removes from other

<p>two monomers bond together through<u><mark data-color="#ec0808" style="background-color: rgb(236, 8, 8); color: inherit;"> loss</mark></u> of a water molecule - <strong>anabolic</strong></p><p>-hydrogen ion removed from one monomer, hydroxyl removes from other</p>