Organic Functional Groups

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Last updated 4:49 PM on 8/31/26
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21 Terms

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Alkane

Single bonds between carbons

<p>Single bonds between carbons</p>
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Alkene

Double bond between carbons

<p>Double bond between carbons</p>
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Alkyne

Triple bond between carbons

<p>Triple bond between carbons</p>
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Alcohol

Has an hydroxyl (OH) group

<p>Has an hydroxyl (OH) group</p>
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Ether

An oxygen atom connected to two carbon-based groups

<p>An oxygen atom connected to two carbon-based groups</p>
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Epoxide

a cyclic ether containing a reactive, three-membered ring with one oxygen atom and two adjacent carbon atoms

<p>a cyclic ether containing a reactive, three-membered ring with one oxygen atom and two adjacent carbon atoms</p>
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Haloalkane

derived from an alkane where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by a halogen atom

<p>derived from an alkane where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by a halogen atom</p>
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Aldehyde

carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydrogen atom

<p>carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydrogen atom</p>
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Ketone

carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom (\(C=O\)), where that central carbon is attached to two other carbon atoms

<p>carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom (\(C=O\)), where that central carbon is attached to two other carbon atoms</p>
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Carboxylic Acid

a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydroxyl group

<p>a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydroxyl group</p>
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Acid Anhydride

two acyl groups bonded to the same oxygen atom

<p>two acyl groups bonded to the same oxygen atom</p>
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Ester

carbonyl carbon single-bonded to an alkoxy group

<p>carbonyl carbon single-bonded to an alkoxy group</p>
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Amide

a carbonyl group attached to a nitrogen atom

<p>a carbonyl group attached to a nitrogen atom</p>
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Acyl Halide

carbonyl group attached to a halogen atom

<p>carbonyl group attached to a halogen atom</p>
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Amine

a nitrogen atom bonded to a combination of hydrogen atoms and carbon-based organic groups

<p>a nitrogen atom bonded to a combination of hydrogen atoms and carbon-based organic groups</p>
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Nitrile

a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom

<p>a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom</p>
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Imine

a carbon–nitrogen double bond

<p>a carbon–nitrogen double bond</p>
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Isocyanate

a nitrogen atom double-bonded to a carbon atom, which is further double-bonded to an oxygen atom

<p>a nitrogen atom double-bonded to a carbon atom, which is further double-bonded to an oxygen atom</p>
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Azo Compound

a double bond between two nitrogen atoms connecting two carbon-containing groups

<p>a double bond between two nitrogen atoms connecting two carbon-containing groups</p>
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Thiol

composed of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom attached to an organic carbon chain

<p>composed of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom attached to an organic carbon chain</p>
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Arene

a flat ring of carbon atoms with alternating single and double bonds stabilized by resonance

<p>a flat ring of carbon atoms with alternating single and double bonds stabilized by resonance</p>