Kingdom Plantae

These flashcards cover key concepts and vocabulary related to the lecture on plants, their characteristics, importance, and different classifications.

Importance of Plants

Plants are main providers of oxygen, sources of food and medicine, and they help in cleaning the air.

Monocots vs. Eudicots

Two major groups of flowering plants; Monocots have one seed leaf while Eudicots have two.

Chloroplast

An organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs.

Stoma

Small openings on plant leaves that regulate gas exchange.

Xylem

Vascular tissue responsible for the transport of water in plants.

Phloem

Vascular tissue responsible for the transport of sugars and nutrients.

Alternation of Generations

A life cycle pattern where plants alternate between haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte stages.

Bryophytes

Non-vascular plants such as mosses.

Gymnosperms

Plant group that produces seeds not enclosed in an ovary (e.g., conifers).

Angiosperms

Flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed within a fruit.

Seed Dispersal

The process by which seeds are spread to new areas for germination and growth.

Irish Potato Famine

A period from 1845 to 1852 when potato blight caused mass starvation in Ireland.

Totipotent

The ability of a single cell to develop into a complete organism.

Plant Modified Structures

Adaptations like tubers and rhizomes that help plants store nutrients or propagate.

Cuticle

A protective, waxy covering on the surfaces of leaves that reduces water loss.

Medicinal Plants

Plants used for their therapeutic properties, such as morphine from opium poppy.