Preethi's CBSE Class 10 History - Print culture and the modern world

Calligraphy

The art of beautiful and stylish writing

Earliest print technology was developed in

China, Japan and Korea

From AD 594 onwards

Books in China were printed by rubbing paper against the inked surface of woodblocks

Accordion book

A traditional Chinese accordion book was thin porous sheets with writing, folded and stitched at the side

Hand printing technology was introduced in japan

By Buddhist missionaries from china around AD 768-770

The oldest Japanese book

Is the Buddhist diamond sutra printed in AD 868

Kitagawa Utamaro

Was widely known for his contributions to an art form called ukiyo

Chinese paper reached Europe through the

Silk routes

Marco Polo

Brought the woodblock printing knowledge from china back to Italy in 1295

Vellum

A parchment made from animal skin

Who developed the first known printing press

Johann Gutenberg

Where and when was the first known printing press developed?

Strasbourg, Germany in the 1430s

The first book printed with a printing press was

The bible. 180 copies were printed in 3 years

Platen

In letterpress printing, platen is a board which is pressed in the back of paper to get the impression from the type

Compositor

The person who composed the text for printing

Galley

Metal frame in which types are laid and the text composed

Ballad

A historical account or folk tale, usually sung or recited

Taverns

Places where people gather to drink alcohol, be served food, meet friends and exchange news

What was the ninety five theses

It was written by Martin Luther in 1517 and it criticized many practices of the Roman Catholic Church

Martin Luther was

One of the main Protestant reformers

Protestant reformation

A 16th century movement to reform the Catholic Church dominated by Rome

Almanac

An annual publication giving astronomical data, data about the movements if the sun and moon, timing of eclipses etc

Chapbook

Pocket size books that are sold by traveling pedlars called chapmen

Biliotheque bleue

We're low priced small books printed on poor quality paper and bound in cheap blue covers in france

Despotism

A system of governance where absolute power us exercised by an individual, unregulated by legal and constitutional checks

A children's press devoted to literature for children alone was set in

France in 1857

Well known novelists

Jane Austen, the bronte sisters and George Eliot

Richard M. Hoe

From New York perfected the power driven cylindrical press by the mid nineteenth century

The offset press

Was developed in the late nineteenth century which could print up to 6 colors at a time

Shilling series

In the 1920s in England popular works were sold in cheap series known as the shilling series

India has an old tradition of handwritten manuscripts in

Sanskrit, Arabic, Persian and vernacular languages

Manuscripts were copied on

Palm leaves or on handmade paper

For preservation, manuscripts

Would be either pressed between wooden covers or sewn together

The printing press first came to

Goa with Portuguese missionaries in the mid sixteenth century

By 1674

About 50 books had been printed in the Konkani and in the kanara languages

The first Tamil book was printed

In 1579 at Cochin by catholic priests

The first Malayalam book was printed in

1713 by the catholic priests

The Bengal gazette

Was brought out by gangadhar bhattacharya

Gangadhar bhattacharya was

Close to rammohun roy

Rammohun Roy published the

Sambad kaumudi from 1821

The Hindu orthodoxy commissioned the

Samachar chandrika to oppose rammohun Roy's opinions

Two Persian newspapers

Jam-i-Jahan Nama and Shamsul Akhbar from 1822

Gujarati newspaper

Bombay samachar from 1822

Ulama

Legal scholars of Islam and the sharia

The deoband seminary founded in

1867 published thousands of fatwas

The first printed edition of ramcharitmanas of tulsidas

, a sixteenth century text, came out of Calcutta in 1810

First full length autobiography in Bengali

Amar jiban by rashsundari debi published in 1876

Ram chaddha published

Istri dharm vichar to teach women how to be obedient wives

In Bengal an entire

Area in central Calcutta, the battala, was devoted to the printing of popular books

Jyotiba Phule

Wrote about the injustices of the caste system in Gulamgiri in 1871

Kashibaba

Wrote Chhote Aur Bade Ka Sawal in 1938 to show the links between caste and class exploitation

The vernacular press act

Passed in 1878 modeled on the Irish press laws

What was the vernacular press act

It provided the govt with rights to censor the reports in vernacular newspapers

When Punjab revolutionaries were deported in

1907 balgangadhar tilak wrote about them in his Kesari

First Indian newspaper

Weekly Bengal gazette

Raja Ravi varma

Was a painter of the late nineteenth century

Cartoons and caricatures were

In journals and newspapers in the 1870s they commented on social and political issues

Penny magazines were

Manuals meant for women teaching proper behaviour and housekeeping

Conservative Hindus thoughts on educating women

They believed a literate girl would be widowed

Conservative Muslims thoughts about educating women

Feared that women would get corrupted from reading Urdu romances

Bangalore cotton mill workers

Setup libraries to educate themselves

Within a few weeks

5000 copies of Martin Luther's translation of the New Testament were sold

Put here were intense debates on

Widow immolation, monotheism and brahmanical priesthood

Fatwas

Told Muslims how to conduct themselves in their every day life

Romances were

4-6 pages long

In the sambas kaumudi

Rammohun Roy wrote about his ideas on monotheism, brahmanical priesthood and widow immolation

From

1780 James Augustus hickey began editing for the weekly Bengal gazette

Kailashbashini debi

Wrote books highlighting the experiences of women

The Kh

Khalsa tract society published cheap books about the qualities of a good woman

Sudarshan chakr published

A collection called sachchi kavitayan

An educationist

Begum rokeya sakhawat hossain condemned men for withholding education from women in 1926