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Who discovered radiation?
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
What is radiation
A form of energy carried by waves or a stream of particles.
What is the maximum number of electrons that can exist in each shell?
2, 8, 18, 32, 50
What is matter?
Anything that occupies space and has mass
What is an atom?
The fundamental unit of matter.
What is the shell located closest to the nucleus?
K Shell
What carries a + charge?
A proton
What carries a – charge?
electron
What carries no charge?
a nuetron
What is a neutral atom?
An atom that contains an equal number of protons and electrons.
What is a wavelength?
he distance between the crest of one wave to the crest of the next.
What is the speed of the wave?
velocity
What are wavelengths measured in
nanometers
What is the step-down transformer used for?
To decrease the voltage from the 110 line to the 3-5 volts.
What is the step-up transformer used for?
To increase the voltage from 65,000 to 100,000 volts.
What is the amount of energy converted to x-rays?
Less than 1%
What are examples of electromagnetic radiation?
Gamma rays, radio waves, cosmic rays, microwaves, x-rays, radar waves.
What is radioactivity?
The process by which certain unstable atoms undergo decay in an effort to attain a more balanced nuclear state.
What are the three components of an x-ray machine?
The control panel, the extension arm, and the tube head.
What is the purpose of the aluminum filter?
Filters out long wavelengths.
What is the collimator used for?
Restricts the size of the x-ray beam
What is the most common possibility when an x-ray photon interacts with matter?
Compton scatter
What happens during ionization?
An atom loses an electron
What year were x-rays discovered?
1895
Who exposed the first dental radiograph on a live person or who introduced paralleling?
C. Edmund Kells
What is amperage?
The measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor.
What are wavelengths measured in?
Nanometers
What is the lowest wavelength on the electromagnetic spectrum?
Radio waves
What is the purpose of the anode?
Converts electrons into x-ray photons.
What is frequency?
The number of wavelengths that pass a given point in a certain amount of time.
What are the properties of x-rays?
Invisible
No mass or weight
Travel at speed of light
Travel in waves
Travel in straight lines
What are particulate radiations?
Tiny particles of matter that possess mass and travel in straight lines at high speed.
What are some uses of dental radiographs?
Detects lesions
Evaluates growth & development
Provides info during dental procedures
Confirms or classifies suspected disease
What are the four types of particulate radiation?
Electrons
Alpha particles
Protons
Neutrons
