HIST midterm

1. Which of the following was not brought to the new world by the Europeans?

Horses (Europeans brought horses, cattle, and diseases to the Americas, so the correct answer on a multiple choice test would likely be something native to the Americas, such as potatoes or maize, if listed.)

Europeans Gave the Americas

• Horses

• Cattle

• Pigs (swine)

2. What do historians call the exchange of previously unknown plants, animals, people, and diseases between Europe and the new world?

The Columbian Exchange

3. What percentage of the Native American population was killed by disease once the Europeans arrived?

About 90%

4. What country colonized Brazil?

Portugal

5. Who did the Europeans bring to the Americas to be slaves once the native population dwindled from disease?

Enslaved Africans

6. What event in the early 1500s was a split within the Roman Catholic Church?

The Protestant Reformation

7. Which of the following was not one of Martin Luther's main ideas?

Any idea supporting the authority of the Pope or salvation through indulgences (Luther opposed these.)

Main Ideas of Luther

1. Faith alone saves people

2. The Bible is the main source of truth

3. All believers are equal before God

8. What did the people who followed the ideas of Martin Luther call themselves?

Protestants (or Lutherans)

9. What people did the Catholic Church use to spread Catholicism all over the world?

Jesuits (missionaries)

10. What country controlled the Netherlands prior to their independence in 1581?

Spain

11. What was the system called in which the American colonies provided wealth to their mother countries?

Mercantilism

12. Which of the following contributed to the occurrence of the Little Ice Age?

Dying native af

13. Which of the following most contributed to 2/3 of the European population dying during the 17th century?

Disease and famine associated with the Little Ice Age

14. What Caribbean crop was the most cruel for African slaves to work, with an average life expectancy of three years?

Sugar

15. Which of the following did not set up colonies in North America during the Little Ice Age?

Portugal, Germany

16. What colonial power challenged the Portuguese and the Spanish for territory in southeast Asia during the 17th century?

The Dutch

17. In what empire did a black market for silver undercut financail gain for the empire during the 17th century?

Ottoman Empire

18. What dynasty followed the Ming in China?

The Qing Dynasty

19. Because Christian missionaries were found to be intolerant of other faiths, what country expelled almost all Christian missionaries during the 17th century?

Japan (Tokugawa Japan)

20. What was the most consequential religious war in Europe during the 17th century?

The Thirty Years’ War

21. Who set out to discover more about the heavens (outer space)?

(Nicolaus Copernicus)

22. What was the intellectual movement that emphasized reason, universal rights, and natural laws that gradually took over Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries?

The Enlightenment

23. What did John Locke argue against when he declared that all men are created equal in God's eye; hence, they must be equal under human law?

The divine right of kings and absolute monarchy

24. Who set out to claim Australia for Britain?

Captain James Cook

25. Who did the British send to occupy Eastern Australia in 1788?

Convicts (prisoners)

26. What device was created to help make information more available to all people?

The printing press

27. Which of the following contributed most to the causes of the American Revolution?

British taxation without representation after the French and Indian (Seven Years’) War

28. Who wrote the American Declaration of Independence?

Thomas Jefferson

29. What was added to the American Constitution to help protect the people from the government?

The Bill of Rights

30. Which of the following groups was allowed to vote in the newly independent United States?

White male property owners

31. Which of the following contributed most to the French debt that led to their revolution?

French financial support for the American Revolution

32. Which of the following was split into three groups representing the whole French population before the French Revolution?

The Estates-General, Estates (First, second, Third)

33. Where was the last place that Napoleon tried to invade before losing his power? (you should never try to invade this place during the winter)

Russia

34. Which of the following is a country that was founded by the slaves who won their independence from France?

Haiti

35. Where did the Portuguese royal family flee before they were captured by Napoleon's troops?

Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)

36. Where was the center of the industrial revolution?

Britain (England)

37. Which of the following places experienced a deindustrialization due to cheap products coming from Europe?

India and China (China)

38. What was the new class of wealthy people called during the industrial revolution?

The bourgeoisie

39. What type of new power fueled the industrial revolution?

Steam power

40. What areas saw population growth during the industrial revolution?

Cities (urban areas)

41. Which group in Europe wanted to return to the world that existed before the French Revolution?

Reactionaries (conservatives)

42. What is nationalism?

The belief that each people or nation should govern itself and have its own state

43. Which of the following ideals cannot be separated in socialist thinking?

Liberty and equality

44. Which of the following men was a main socialist thinker?

Karl Marx (Charles Fourier is also a socialist thinker, but Marx is usually the expected answer.)

45. Who were the exploited waged workers who had nothing but to sell their labor during the industrialrevolution?

The proletariat

46. What were the British selling to the Chinese people that resulted in war between the two countries in 1840?

Opium

47. With more than 20 million deaths, what is the deadliest civil war to take place?

The Taiping Rebellion

48. Who claimed himself to be a younger brother of Jesus Christ in China?

Hong Xiuquan

49. Whitch of the following countries was colonized by the British between 1767 and 1947?

India

50. What caused the rebellion of 1857 in India?

The greased cartridge controversy (rifle cartridges rumored to contain cow and pig fat, offending Hindu and Muslim soldiers).