Chemistry Basica

What is an atom?

Its the smallest particles of elements

What is the atomic number?

Number of protons + electrons

What is the mass number?

The number of protons + neutrons

What is an isotope?

Isotopes are a chemical element with the same atomic number and position in the periodic table with almost the same behaviour but it has:

• A different number of neutrons

• Different atomic masses

• Physical properties

• They have the same atomic numbers but different mass numbers

What is the octet rule?

Atoms with 8 electrons in their outer shell are generally the most stable

Whats the difference between a molecule and a compound?

A molecule is where two atoms that join are the same and compounds are where those two atoms are different

What is chemical bonding?

Bonds between atoms that are caused by electrons in the outermost shells

Whats the difference between ionic and covalent bonding?

Ionic bonding is when the atoms give and take electrons while covalent bonding is when those atoms share the electrons needed for stability

Whats the difference between polar and non-polar covalent bonding?

Polar covalent bonding is when the atoms unequally share the electrons resulting in a positive and negative ‘pole’ in the bond while non polar bonds between atoms means they have an equal share of the electrons