Amarna Period and Later New Kingdom

These flashcards cover key concepts, events, and figures from the Amarna Period and Later New Kingdom, providing a comprehensive review for exam preparation.

What was the impact of Amenhotep III's rule on Egypt's culture and diplomacy?

Amenhotep III's rule brought extraordinary luxury, stability through treaties, and established Egypt as a diplomatic center with an openness towards foreign cultures.

How did religious beliefs in New Kingdom Egypt center around the sun-god and the king?

The sun-god, as primeval creator, guaranteed the world's existence, while the king acted as the sun priest, ensuring cosmic order through rituals.

What significant transition occurred in Egyptian theology during the New Kingdom?

There was a trend toward monotheism, where all gods were viewed as aspects of the sun-god Ra, shifting from polytheism.

What was Amenhotep IV's major religious reform?

Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten) abolished the worship of other gods and established the Aten as the sole deity, promoting a form of monotheism.

What architectural innovation did Akhenaten implement during his reign?

Akhenaten implemented smaller blocks known as talatat for quicker construction of temples, marking a shift in building techniques.

What role did the royal family, particularly Nefertiti, play during Akhenaten's reign?

Nefertiti was given significant prominence in religious rituals and representations, often acting in roles traditionally reserved for the king.

What were the main features of Akhetaten (Amarna) as a city?

Akhetaten featured loosely grouped residential areas, lacked rigid planning, and had its inhabitants independent of the Nile for water supply.

How did burial practices change after the Amarna Period?

Burial practices shifted back to traditional rituals, with an emphasis on Osiris and restored worship, countering Akhenaten's reforms.

What was the significance of Tutankhamun's reign in relation to the Amarna Period?

Tutankhamun restored traditional polytheistic worship and ended the reforms of Akhenaten, reestablishing Amun’s centrality in religion.

What was the role of the king in the Ramessid Period compared to the Amarna Period?

In the Ramessid Period, the king's authority diminished as Amun became viewed as the true king, with the priesthood gaining significant power.