Medterm Chapter 11 Special senses of the eye and ear

conjuctiva

inner lining of eyelids

conjunctival (adj)

pertaining to the conjunctiva

conjunctivitis

inflammation of the conjuctiva

pink eye

Conjuctivitis

cornea

the central, transparent part of the outer coat of the eye covering the iris and the pupil

corneal (adj)

pertaining to the cornea

lacrimal

pertaining to the tears and tear apparatus

nasolacrimal duct

passage from the lacrimal sac to the nose

ophthalmology

diagnoses and treatment of diseases of the eye

ophthalmologist

medical specialist in ophthalmology

ophthalmic (adj)

pertaining to the eye

orbit

the bony socket that holds the eyeball

orbital (adj)

pertaining to the orbit

periorbital

pertaining to tissues around the orbit

photophobia

abnormal sensitivity to light due to pain in the eyes

photophobic

pertaining to or suffering from photophobia

antibiotic

a substance that has the capacity to inhibit the growth of or destroy bacteria and other microorganisms

blepharitis

inflammation of the eyelid

blepharoptosis

drooping of the upper eyelid

blepharoplasty

surgical repair of the eyelid

conjunctivitis

inflammation of the conjunctiva

contagious

infection can be transmitted from person to person or from a person to a surface to a person

contaminate (verb)

to cause the presence of an infectious agent to be on any surface

contamination (noun)

the presence of an infectious agent on any surface

hordeolum

abscess in an eyelash follicle

paresis

partial paralysis

ptosis

drooping down of the upper eyelid or an organ

purulent

showing or containing a lot of pus

accommodation (noun)

the act of adjusting something to make it fit different needs in this case, the lense of the eye adjusts itself

accommodate (verb)

to adapt to meet a need

accommodative (adj)

pertaining to accommodation

amblyopia

failure or incomplete development of the pathways of vision to the brain

esotropia

turning the eye inward toward the nose

exotropia

turning the eye outward away from the nose

extrinsic

any muscle located enitrely on the outside of the structure under consideration; e.g., the eye

intrinsic

any muscle located enitrely within (inside) the structure under consideration; e.g., the eye

nystagmus

fast, uncontrollable movements of the eyeballs

ocular

pertaining to the eye

optometrist

someone skilled in the measurement of vision but who cannot treat eye diseases or prescribe medication

optometry

the profession of the measurement of vision

rotary

circular movement

stereopsis

three-dimensional vision

strabismus

turning of an eye away from its normal position

avascular

without a blood supply

constrict (verb)

become or make narrow

constriction (noun)

a narrowed portion of a structure

dilate (verb)

to perform or undergo dilation

dilation (noun)

stretching or enlarging an opening or a structure

iris

colored portion of the eye with the pupil in its center

lens

transparent refractive structure behind the iris

presbyopia

difficulty in nearsighted vision occurring in middle and old age

pupil

the opening in the center of the iris that allows light to reach the lens

pupillary (adj)

pertaining to the pupil

refract (verb)

bend or change direction of a ray of light

refraction (noun)

the bending of light

retina

light-sensitive innermost layer of the eyeball

retinal (adj)

pertaining to the retina

sclera

fibrous outer covering of the eyeball and the white of the eye

scleral

pertaining to the sclera

scleritis

inflammation of the sclera

choroid

region of the retina and uvea

fovea centralis

small pit in the center of the macula that has the highest visual acuity

macula lutea

yellowish spot on the back of the retina; contains the fovea

optic

pertaining to the eye or vision

optical (adj)

pertaining to the eye or vision

photoreceptor

a photoreceptor cell receives light and converts it into electrical impulses

uvea

middle coat of the eyeball; includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid

uveitis

inflammation of the uvea

visual acuity

sharpness and clearness of vision

astigmatism

inability to focus light rays that enter the eye in different planes

concave

having a hollowed surface

convex

a surface that is evenly curved outward

foramen

an opening through a structure

foramina (pl)

(pl) an opening through a structure

myopia

able to see close objects but unable to see distant objects

presbyopia

difficulty in nearsighted vision occurring in middle and old age in both sexes

abrasion

area of skin or mucous membrane that has been scraped off

cataract

complete or partial opacity of the lens

fouorescein

dye that produces a vivid green color under a blue light to diagnose corneal abrasions and foreign bodies

glaucoma

loss of vision due to increased intraocular pressure

keratoplasty

corneal transplant or graft

keratoconjuncitivitis

combined inflammation of the cornea of conjunctiva

opthalmia neonatorum

conjunctivitis of the newborn

photosensitivity

when light produces pain in the eye

photosensitive (adj)

having a reaction to light

pollution

condition that is unclean, impure, and a danger to health

pollutant

substance that makes an environment unclean or impure

opthalmoscope

instrument for viewing the retina

ophthalmoscopy

the process of viewing the retina

opthalmoscopic (adj)

pertaining to the use of opthalmoscope

retinoblastoma

malignant neoplasm of primitive retinal cells

retinopathy

degenerative disease of the retina

fluorescein

dye that produces a vivid green color under a blue light to diagnose corneal abrasions and foreign bodies in the eye

ishihara color system

test for color vision defects

jaeger reading cards

printed in different sizes for print testing near vision

peripheral vision

ability to see objects as they come into the outer edges of the visual field

refractometer

device that measures refractive errors of the cornea

snellen letter chart

test for acuity of distance vision

argon laser

laser used for ophthalmic procedures consisting of photons in the blue and/or green spectrum

cryotherapy

the use of cold in the treatment of disease