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What are nucleotides?
the monomers from which nucleic acids, like DNA and RNA, are formed.
What are the two categories of nitrogenous bases?
purines
pyrimidines
What are purines?
2 carbon ring structures (adenine and guanine)
What are pyrimidines?
1 carbon ring structure (cytosine, thymine and uracil)
What is thymines (uracil in RNA) complementary base pair?
adenine
What is guanines complementary base pair?
cytosine
Why is complementary base pairing important?
it helps to maintain the order of genetic code when DNA replicates.
What will purine and pyrimidine always be to each other?
complementary
What reaction does both DNA and RNA nucleotides undergo?
condensation reactions
What type of bonds form between the nucleotide monomers after condensation?
What does this create?
forms phosphodiester bonds and this forms polymers
What is the polymer of these nucleotides called?
polynucleotide
What is a phosphodiester bond?
its a strong covalent bond that forms between the pentose sugar and phosphate of different nucleotides.
What does ATP contain?
three phosphate ions that play a significant role in energy transfer
