HEREDITARYAND CONGENITAL DISEASE

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

 common in premature infants, occurring in approximately 80% of

infants born before 28 weeks of gestation, especially in those with

respiratory distress syndrome.

 is a temporary vessel that is used during in utero life shunts blood from the pulmonary artery into the systemic circulation because the pulmonary circulation is not needed during this time

Coarctation of the Aorta

 Narrowing of the aorta

 More common in boys

 blood flow to the abdomen and lower

extremities is compromised, and the

femoral pulse is very weak in most

individuals with this anomaly

Septal Defects

 Allows the blood to be shunted between the two chambers

mixing pulmonary and systemic blood

 This shunting of the blood results in an enlargement of the right

side of the heart and increased pulmonary vascularity as the

lungs overload with blood.

Atrial septal defects

are the most common congenital heart defect, responsible for about 10% of all cases of congenital heart disease

Ventricular septal defect

are more serious because the pressure difference is greater between the ventricles than between the atria.