Geography vocab

Ageing population

High population of elderly people who have survived due to advances in nutrition and medical care

Birth rate

The number of live births per 1000 people per year

Census

a counting of people by the government every 10 years to gather data

Death rate 

the number of deaths per 1000 people per year

Demographic transition model (DTM)

Diagram which shows the relationship between birth and death rates and how it affects the total population

Depopulation

the decline or reduction of population in an area

Distribution (of a population)

where people are found and where they are not found

Economic migrant

person leaving their native country to seek better economic opportunities (jobs) and so settle temporarily in another country

Emigrant

Someone who leaves an area to live elsewhere

Immigrant

someone who moves into an area from elsewhere

Infant mortality

the number of babies dying before their first birthday per 1000 live births

Life expectancy 

the average number of years a person born in a particular country might be expected to live

Literacy rate

the proportion of the total population able to read and write 

Migrant

Someone who moves from one place to another to live

Migration

Movement of people

Role of natural increase

The difference between those who are born and those who die in a year

Overpopulation

where there are too many people and not enough resources to support a satisfactory quality of life

Population density

number of people per square kilometre 

Population Pyramid

A graph showing the age and sex structure of a place

Push-Pull factors

Push factors encourage or force people to leave a particular place; pull factors are the economic and social attractions offered by the location which people move

Refugees

People forced to move out of their area

Sparsely populated

an area with a few people living there

structure (of a population)

the relative percentages of people of different age groups, mostly shown on a population pyramid

working population

Employed People supporting the dependent population by paying for medicine etc.

Youthful population

a large amount of young people due to high birth rates and a reduction of infant mortality due to good healthcare, nutrition etc.

Dependent population

those who rely on the working population for support/money (the young and elderly are dependent)

Net migration

the difference between the number of emigrants and immigrants