Ancient India & China | History Honors TGHS G9 25-26

Monsoon

Seasonal winds that regularly blow from a certain direction for a part of the year.

Plateau

A raised area of level land.

Loess

Fine windblown yellow soil from Siberia and Mongolia.

Most geographically populated area in Indian Subcontient?

The Gangetic Plane.

Arid and Unproductive Geographic Region of Indian Subcontient?

The Deccan Plateau

Two Major Rivers in China

Yellow River & Yangtze River

Huang River

Yellow River

Chang River

Yangtze River

Karma

All actions of a person’s life which affects their fate in their next life.

Dharma

The religious and moral duties of an individual.

Brahman

A single spiritual power that existed beyond the many gods of the Vedas and that resided in all things.

Atman

The concept of an universal essential self. (Individual)

Nirvana

The union with the universe and release from the cycle of rebirth.

Reincarnation

The rebirth of the soul in another bodily form.

Caste

Social groups in Hinduism which people are born in and can rarely be changed.

Amisha

Non-Violence.

Levels of the Chaste System in Hinduism

Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, Sudra & Dalits (Untouchables).

Four Noble Truths

The constant facts of the universe which every Buddhist need to acknowledge in order to overcome suffering.

Eightfold Path

A practical framework/guide of different midsets and actions Buddhists must follow to achieve Nirvana.

Confucianism

A philosophy developed by Confucius which emphasizes morality, empathy, responsibility and falial piety.

Facial Piety

Respect for parents above all other duties.

Daoism

A philosophy developed by Laozi focused on living in balance and being in harmony with the Dao or “The Way”.

Legalism

A philosophy believing that humans are innately evil and driven by greed, and only with extensive laws and extreme punishments will order be maintained.

Geographic Boundaries of China

Gobi Desert to the North, Jungles to the South, Himalayan Mountains to Southwest, Tibetan Plateau to the West and Pacific Ocean to the East.

Main Relationships in Confucianism

(5) Ruler to Subject, Parent to Child, Husband to Wife, Elder Borther to Younger Brother and Friend to Friend.

Confucian Governance

Meritocratic Leaders, Educational Institutions and Examniations

Daoist Governance

Minimal involvement in order for self determination.

Legalist Governance

Strict Laws, Harsh Punishment with no mercy.

Differences between Buddhism and Hinduism.

No Chaste system, dieties, or rituals.

Chinese Dynastic System

New Dynasty — Claim mandate of heaven, appoint new officials, redistribute land, repair or construct infrastructure.

Aging Dynasty — Neglect duties, corruption increases, less control over provinces, increased taxation, and infrastructure degrades.

Problems — Floods, famines, earthquake, invasions, armed bandits in provinces and peasant revolts.