funds of nursing unit 1 chapter 21

What is culture?

A term that refers to a large and diverse set of mostly intangible aspects of life.

What is ethnicity?

The person’s identification with or membership in a particular racial, national, or cultural group and observation of a group’s customs, beliefs, and languages.

What are the four aspects of culture?

Culture is learned, symbolic, shared, and integrated.

What is enculturation?

Begins at birth, as parents and family members begin to teach the child what is expected in terms of familial responsibilities and contribution.

What are symbols?

Signs, sounds, clothing, tools, customs, beliefs, rituals, and other items that represent meaningful concepts.

What is generalization?

A statement, idea, or principle that has a broad application.

What is a stereotype?

An unreliable generalization about all members of a group that does not recognize individual differences within the group.

What is prejudice?

A negative attitude toward an entire category of people, often an ethnic or racial minority.

What is discrimination?

Policies and practices that harm a group and its members.

What are health disparities and health care disparities?

A chain of events signified by differences in 1) environment 2)access to, utilization of, and quality of care; 3) health status; and 4) health outcomes.

Health care inequality?

Differences in age, rank, condition, lack of excellence in treatment.

What is race?

A socially constructed concept that tends to group people by common descent, heredity, or physical characteristics.

What is rule of descent?

Arbitrarily assigns a race to a person based on social dictate that associates social identity with ancestry.

What is hypodescent?

Automatically placing children of mixed descent in the group of their minority parent.

What is racism?

An unfounded belief that race determines a person’s character or ability and that one race is superior to inferior to another.

What is acculturation?

A mechanism of cultural change achieved through the exchange of cultural features resulting from first-hand contact between groups.

What is assimilation?

The process by which individuals from one cultural group merge with or blend into a second group.

What is diffusion?

The borrowing of traits between two cultures.

What is ethnocentrism?

The tendency to view one’s own culture as superior and to use one’s standards and values in judging outsiders.

What is socialization?

The process of being reared and nurtured within a culture and acquiring it’s characteristics

What of the following is not a avenue people are socialized through

Nation

What are rituals?

Formal, stylized, and repetitive actions preformed in special places at special times.

What is transcultural nursing?

It focuses on human caring- associated differences and similarities among the beliefs, values, and patterned life ways of culture to provide culturally congruent, meaningful, and beneficial healthcare.

What is an etic perspective of care?

An outsiders’s vantage point of another culture.

What is an emic perspective of culture?

Insider’s perspective of a culture.

What is cultural openness?

A lifelong commitment that promotes cultural self-awareness and continuing development of transcultural skills.

What is cultural competence?

The ability to interact with and appreciate people of different cultures and beliefs.

What is cultural sensitivity?

The recognition of the often pronounced differences among cultures.

What is culturally congruent care?

Using culturally based knowledge in sensitive, creative, safe, and meaningful ways to promote the health and well-being of individual people or groups and improve their ability to face death, disability, or difficult human life conditions.

True or false. When communicating with a patient with language barriers it’s advised to use family members to translate.

False

What is gender identity?

How people see themselves- as male or female or something else.