Climbing, lifting, rigging, and hoisting: Part B

What is EOT?

An electronically overhead traveling crane

What is hand rigging equiptment?

Lifting equipment powered by a person

What is mechanical advantage?

The application of a simple machine that converts low input effort into greater output force.

What is a spur gear hoist?

The most efficient type of manual chain hoist which uses an endless chain drive to a pocket sheave.

What is a electric chain hoist?

A chain hoist which is powered by an electric motor/winch and is controlled by a push button control.

What is a lever hoist (come-along)?

A hand operated chain hoist

What is a tirfor?

A hand operated cable winch that uses a draw vice design

What are Jacks?

mechanical, hydraulic, or pneumatic devices used to lift, lower, support, or precisely position heavy loads over short distances.

What is a tugger?

A pneumatic operated winch for hoisting, lowering, and pulling loads.

What is a crane?

A machine used for moving heavy objects by suspending them from a projecting arm or beam.

What is a hydraulic crane?

A machine used for moving heavy objects by suspending them from a projecting arm or beam which uses fluid power to power the boom.

What are the 5 basic crane movements?

• Raising/Lowering

• Swing side to side

• Adjust boom angle

• Adjust boom length

• Move entire crane

What is a boom truck?

A heavy duty truck with a hydraulic boom, usually mounted behind the cab, with two sets of stabilizers and usually a deck to transport equipment and materials.

What is an industrial crane?

A crane designed for industrial plants, often low to the ground, with 4 wheels and 4 wheel steering, and 4 sets of outriggers.

What is a rough terrain crane (cherry picker)?

An industrial crane, with 4 oversized wheels, a short wheel base, 4 wheel steering, and 4 sets of outriggers, designed for rough terrain.

What is a carrier mounted telescopic boom crane (telescopic mobile crane)?

A heavy-duty mobile crane featuring a hydraulically extendable boom,typically mounted at the rear of a specialized, heavy-duty truck carrier rather than a standard commercial truck chassis and that has 4 or more outriggers.

What is a conventional mobile crane?

A crane that uses mechanical machinery to raise and lower the boom, which is typically a lattice boom made of steel pipe, and that requires assembly on site.

What is a lattice carrier mounted boom crane?

A conventional lattice crane crane that is mounted on a heavy duty mobile chassis with 4 or more outriggers.

What is a crawler mounted lattice boom crane?

A conventional lattice crane crane that is mounted on heavy duty wide tracks, often assembled on site.

What are the roles of a rigger/signaler?

• Calculate the load and rigging

• Judge distance, heights, and movements

• Select rigging

• Rig the load safely and securely

• Use hand or voice signals

• Maintain communication with crane operator

• Direct crane operator

• Assist crane assembly and positioning

• Communicate with coworkers

• Manage worksite safety

• Recognize factors that reduce cranes lifting capacity

What are the roles of the crane operator?

• Safely operate crane

• Calculate crane safe lifting capacity

• Properly assemble and position crane

• Maintain communication with signaler

• Proper inspections and maintenance of crane

What must the ground conditions be to use a crane?

Firm enough to withstand the crane's weight as well as the weight of the load, dynamic lifting forces, and vibrations.

What is blocking?

Material (usually wood) the is placed under the outriggers to increase the support surface area.

True or False: Outriggers must always be used with blocking?

True

Why should a cranes wheels be raised off the ground completely by the outriggers during a lift?

To increase the cranes safe lifting capacity

Does a crane need to be level to safely lift?

Yes, it must be level in two planes.

True or False, when lifting a cranes must extend all its outriggers?

True

What is the target level?

The level inside the cranes cab used for initial leveling.

What is the purpose of outriggers and stablizers?

To stabilize and level the crane by moving the tipping axis further from the cranes center of gravity.

What is the tipping point?

The point where the crane contacts the ground where it will tip.

What is the cranes center of gravity?

The point in the cranes body where the loads weight acts.

What is crane leverage?

The combined values of the crane weight and the distance between tipping point and the load center of gravity.

What is the load center of gravity?

The point in the load where the weight is concentrated.

What is the load leverage?

The combined values of the load weight and the distance between the tipping point and the load center of gravity.

What is the sweep area?

The total area the cranes boom can swing over which is divided into 4 quadrants (front, right and left side, and rear).

What are outrigger pressure points?

The points on the ground where the outrigging pads apply pressure.

What is the most dangerous position of a cranes boom?

Directly over the corners and or outriggers

What are the 4 factors that reduce a cranes safe lifting capacity?

The cranes condition/specification, the cranes setup, The lifting and rigging operations, the environment

True or False: wind only affects the crane during lifts?

False, it affects the crane and load

True or False: operating a crane around electrical power lines is an electrical hazard?

True

What is absolute limit of approach?

The area which no boom, load, crane line, or any other part of the lifting procedure can enter without exception, which is a minimum of 10ft.

What is electrical potential?

the distribution of voltage gradients radiating through the ground around a crane's outriggers, tracks, or rigging components if the crane becomes electrified due to an electrical hazard.

What is a load chart?

A chart which specifies a cranes maximum capacity in every permissible configuration and situation, typically secured and displayed inside the cranes cab.

Equation for net capacity

Gross capacity - Deductions

What is an electric overhead travelling crane (EOT)?

An electrically powered crane consisting of a bridge, trolley, and trucks that travels on tracks supported by a suspended steel structure.

What are the three types of EOT crane?

cab controlled, pendant controlled, radio controlled

What are the 4 parts of an EOT crane?

Bridge, trolley, trucks, track

What is a crane operator?

The trained operator of the crane responsible for its setup, operation, and maintenance/inspections.

What is a signaler?

The trained person responsible for safely guiding the crane operator in moving the crane by verbal, radio, or hand signals.

True or False: Cranes can pull sideways?

False

True or False: Cranes need to be locked out for both inspections and maintnenance?

True

What are the two types of crane inspections?

Operational inspection and Maintenance Inspection

What are hoist brakes?

The safety device which stops and holds a suspended load when the hoist motor is turned off or looses power.

What are hoist limit switches?

They are devices which limit a hoists travel, either the hook/block from running into the hoist or grund, or the bridge/ carriage from running past the end of the beam/tracks.

What are stops?

the mechanical safety devices which physically stop the trolley or bridge from reaching the end of their travel.