BS132 - Lecture 5

What hydrocarbon is this?

Ethyne

Describe and Explain the shape of Ethyne

Linear, each C is sp hybridised so 2 unhybridised p orbitals

What is a use for Acetyline (Ethyne)?

Cutting metal

Why can Acetyline (Ethyne) be heated at high temperatures?

Lots of energy to overcome triple bond

What is the mathematical mixing of Ethyne?

2 sp hybrid orbitals at 180 degrees

How are the p orbitals orientated in Ethyne?

2 sets of unhybridised p orbitals on each C orientated to overlap to form 2 pi bonds

Ethane - p Orbitals, Shape, Pi Bonds

sp3, Tetrahedral, 0

Ethene - p Orbitals, Shape, Pi Bonds

sp2, Trig Planar, 1

Ethyne - p Orbitals, Shape, Pi Bonds

sp, Linear, 2

What are Constituional Isomers?

Same molecular formula, atoms joined together in different manner, have different chemical/physical properties

What is the formula for Acyclic Alkanes?

CnH2n+2

What is the formula for Cyclic Alkanes?

CnH2n

What p orbitals do Cycloalkanes have?

sp3

How is the triple bond in Ethyne formed?

• sp orbital formation

• What remains, and what happens?

• What is formed in the end?

• 2s mixes w/ 2p, forms 2 sp orbitals

• 2 unhybridised p orbitals remain on each C, form 2 pi bonds

• Triple bond formed, 1 sigma + 2 pi

Explain the bonding of O2

• Hybridisation of Os

• What types of bonds?

• What happens to the remaining e(-)s?

• What is the result?

• Each O is sp2 hybridised

• 1 sigma, 1 pi

• 2 remaing e(-) form 2 LPs on eac atom

• Double Bond (sigma + pi)

Explain the bonding of Nitrogen

• Hybridisation

• What type of bonds?

• Result

• Each N atom is sp hybridised

• 1 sigma, 2 pi

• 1 LP remains on each N, results in triple bond (sigma + 2 pi)