Chapter 30: American Life in the "Roaring Twenties" (1920-1929)

A. Mitchell Palmer

the Attorney General during the 1920s who launched raids against radicals

• fear of communism

• thousands arrested and deported

communism, Red Scare

A. Mitchell Palmer reflected the widespread fear of ? at the time, otherwise known as the ?

Palmer, bombings, strikes

A Mitchell Palmer’s ? Raids followed a series of ? and labor ?

undermining, rights

The Palmer Raids demonstrated the ? of constitutional ?

Sacco and Vanzetti Case

Controversial trial involving two Italian immigrants

• accused of robbery and murder in MA

anarchists

Sacco and Vanzetti were accused due to being ?, something looked down upon at the time

discrimination, immigrants

Sacco and Vanzetti’s execution represents the ? against ? in the 1920s

Knights of the Invisible Empire

A revival of the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s

anti

The Knights of the Invisible Empire were pretty much ?-everything

• they were anti

  • African American

  • Catholic

  • Jew

  • Immigrants

  • Minority

Birth of a Nation

The film ? fueled the resurgence of the Knight of the Invisible Empire

Immigration Act of 1924

Act that drastically limited immigration to the US using strict quotas

• capping at 2% immigration of current nationality in the census

• also called the “Johnson-Reed Act”

18th Amendment

Amendment that banned the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol

Prohibition

A time period of the illegal status of making, selling, or distributing alcohol

• led to gang wars

• led to smuggling

Volstead Act

An act that strengthened the legal framework for enforcing Prohibition

21st Amendment

the amendment that repealed Prohibition (18th Amendment)

Al Capone

Notorious leader of organized crime during Prohibition Era

• powerful in Chicago

• illegal liquor, gambling, etc

Scopes Trial

trial that started due to high school teacher John T. Scopes teaching evolution

• Scopes thought restriction on evolution was stupid

Tennessee Butler Act

an act that prohibited teaching evolution in public schools

Fundamentalists

these people mainly drove the Scopes Trial

• take the Bible very seriously

Henry Ford

he revolutionized manufacturing with the assembly line

• created the mass produced / affordable Model T automobile

Wright Brothers

Brothers who achieved the first successful powered flight

• in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina

• military saw the potential…

Margaret Sanger

Pioneering advocate for women’s reproductive rights

• leading figure in birth control movement

Equal Rights Amendment

a proposed constitutional amendment designed to ensure legal equality regardless of sex

• not all states actually use this

Marcus Garvey

Black nationalist leader and founder of Universal Negro Improvement Association

• inspired later Civil Rights

Lost Generation

generation of writers after WWI who wrote about disillusionment

F. Scott Fitzgerald

author of The Great Gatsby, exploring themes of the 1920s after WWI

• Lost Generation writer

Harlem Renaissance

Cultural movement during 1920s and 1930s

• celebrated African American art, music, literature, identity

Andrew Mellon

Wealthy industrialist and financier who served as Secretary of the Treasury under three presidents

Mellon Plan

Andrew Mellon’s plan that emphasized balancing federal budget, reducing national debt, and promoting free-market capitalism

• controversial for failing to prevent Great Depression

• favors elites over overall people