What are the major structures of the Female Reproductive tract

Ovaries (Female Gonads), Oviducts, uterus, cervix, Vagina, external Genitalia

What layers are in the interconnected tubes

Mucosa (inner)

Submucosa

Muscularis (circular & longitudinal

Serosa (outer)

What is the mucosa

Secretory layer of the epithelium

What are the types of epithelium

Ciliated simple columnar

Non ciliated simple columnar

Stratified squamous epithelium

Which epithelial tissue type contains ciliary that help move materials along the surface, such as in the oviduct?

Ciliated Simple columnar

Which epithelial tissue type consists of non‑ciliated simple columnar cells specialized for producing fluids such as mucus or reproductive tract secretions?

Non-ciliated simple columnar

Which epithelial tissue type provides protective layering in regions of the reproductive tract that experience friction during copulation?

Stratified squamous epithelium

What does the Submucosa do

Houses blood vessels, nerves, & lymphatics

Supports mucosa

What does the muscularis layer do

Contraction

What does the serosa layer do?

1. 1. Outer surface covering

2. 2. Single- cell layer of squamous cells.

What is the main structure of the reproductive tract?

Broad ligament

What three compartments make up the broad ligament?

Mesovarium

Mesosalpinx

Mesometrium

Which part of the broad ligament forms the cranial portion that supports the ovary and contains the blood vessels and nerves supplying it?

Mesovarium

Which portion of the broad ligament supports the oviduct and helps position it to capture the oocyte at ovulation?

Mesosalpinx

Which portion of the broad ligament is the largest and provides support to the uterine horns and uterine body?

Mesometrium

What are the three stages of embryonic development?

A. Develops retroperitoneal

B. Pushes into body cavity

C. 2 layers continuous with peritoneum

What is the function of the ovary?

1. 1. Dramatic changes through estrous cycle

2. 2. Produce female gametes (ova)

3. 3. Secretes hormones

What hormones are secreted by the ovary

Follicle (estrogen)

Corpus luteum (progesterone, oxytocin, relaxin, inhibin, activin)

What are the three layers of the ovary

Tunica albuginea

Ovarian cortex

Ovarian medulla

What does the Tunica albuginea consists of?

outer connective tissue, germinal epithelium (single layer of cuboidal cells)

What does the ovarian cortex consist of

houses oocyte (not in mares)

Houses corpora lutea and corpora albicantia

What does the ovarian medulla consist of?

– Vasculature, nerves & lymphatics

– Composed of dense connective tissue

Which species has an ovary in which the medulla and cortex are reversed, ovulation occurs only at an ovulatory fossa, and the corpus luteum grows inward?

Mare

How many follicles are the ovarian structures

Primordial follicles

secondary follicles

Antral or tertiary follicles

graafian or dominant follicle

In the ovarian structure what does the primordial structure consist of?

Microscopic, most immature, oocyte surrounded by a single layer of squamous cells, Finite at birth in females, slightly more mature, Surrounded by single layer of cuboidal epithelium, progress or regress

In the ovarian structures what does the secondary follicles consist of?

Still microscopic, 2 or more layers of follicle cells, no antrum (cavity), Surrounded by zona pellucida

In the ovarian structures, what does the antral or tertiary follicle consist of?

Antram present

• follicular fluid filled cavity

In the ovarian structures, what does the graafian or dominant follicle contain?

Visible to naked eye

vary in size

In the ovarian structure, what does the ovulating follicle consist of?

Few reach this stage

Most regress & become degenerate

What are the layers of the antral follicles

Theca externa, Theca interna, Granulosal cell layer

What does the theca externa look like?

Loose connective tissue that surrounds and supports the follicle

What does the theca interna look like?

Produce androgens under control of LH

What does the Granulosal cell layer consist of

1. 1. Produce estrogen, inhibin, and follucular fluid under control of FSH

2. Control oocyte maturation

What is a corpus hemorrhagicum

(Bloody body) Bloody Cl

What does the corpus hemorrhagicum consist of?

Follicle collapse & becomes corpuses

Forms where ovulation occurred

Small blood vessels rupture

What is the corpus luteum

yellow body

what does the corpus luteum do

produces progesterone

What is the corpus albicans

White body

What does the corpus albicans consist of>

Scar tissue after cl heals

Can be several at one time

does not heal by the next cycle

Oviduct