Geography: Weather Hazards (GCSE)

What is a HIC?

High income country

What is an LIC?

Low income country

What is the primary effect?

The initial impact of a natural event on people and property

What is the secondary effect?

The after effects that occur as indirect impacts of a natural event

What is the immediate response?

The reaction of people as the disaster happens and in the immediate aftermath.

What is the long term response?

Later reactions that occur in the weeks month and tears after the event.

What is a Natural Hazard?

Any event that has the potential to endanger human life, the economy and property.

What are Hadley Cells?

Warm air rises at the Equator and travels 30°N where it cools and sinks, this is a Hadley Cell

What are Polar Cells?

Cold air sinks at the North Pole and is warmed up and rises at 60°N, this is a Polar Cell

Where are typhoons found?

Western Pacific Ocean

Where are cyclones found?

Indian Ocean

Where are hurricanes found?

Atlantic Ocean

What is the eye of the storm?

The centre of a tropical storm where sinking air causes relatively calm, clear conditions

What is the eye wall?

The banks of cloud bearing heavy rainfall which surround the eye. Winds exceed 120km/h

What are rain bands?

Bands of clouds and thunderstorms that spiral out from the eye

What is a tropical storm?

An area of low pressure with winds moving in a spiral around the eye of the storm.

What are the conditions for tropical storms?

Tropical storms are found between 23°N and 23°S of the Equator. The temperature required is 27°C and winds have to exceed 74mph to be classified as a tropical storm

When was Typhoon Haiyan?

9th November 2013

What category was Typhoon Haiyan?

5

Where did Typhoon Haiyan hit?

Tacloban, Phillipines

How many people died in Typhoon Haiyan?

6300

How many people were left homeless after Typhoon Haiyan?

600,000

How many houses were destroyed in Typhoon Haiyan?

40,000

What were the damages to Tacloban?

- 90% destroyed
- Airport badly damaged
- 30,000 boats destroyed

How many people became unemployed after Typhoon Haiyan?

6 million

What were the immediate responses to Typhoon Haiyan?

- Red Cross
- 1200 homeless shelters set up
- French, Belgian and Israeli field doctors sent
- UK sent shelter kits

What were the long term responses to Typhoon Haiyan?

- UN supplied money, resources, builders etc
- Oxfam aided in replacing fishing boats
- Cash for work programmes in place

What are the 5 UK weather hazards?

- Thunderstorms
- Prolonged rainfall
- Strong winds
- Heavy snow/extreme cold
- Drought/extreme heat

What is the location of the UK

55°N close to the Polar Front where the Polar and Ferrel cells meet

What is mitigation?

When people reduce the causes of a hazard to their lives

How do hurricanes form?

Warm oceans evaporate and rise in warm currents, the air cools as it rises causing condensation and the formation of clouds, the rising air creates an area of low pressure at the centre of the storm causing high winds, the storm starts to move and due to the earth's rotation it begins to spin around the eye of the storm, as the storm passes over land it looses energy as there is now warm air to draw from the ocean

How does climate change affect the frequency of a storm?

Warm oceans might increase the length of tropical storm seasons

How does climate change affect the distribution of tropical storms?

Warmer seas means source areas for tropical storms become further north and south of the equator

How does climate change affect the intensity of tropical storms?

They could become more powerful and pose a risk of coastal flooding

What are thunderstorms?

Heavy rain, lightning and strong winds and are most common in the summer

What is persistent rainfall?

Rain over a long period of time can cause flooding which is most common in late winter and early spring

What is a drought?

Receiving less rainfall than normal for a prolonged period

How is the UK's climate expected to change in summer?

3-5 degrees warmer in summer and 30% drier

How is the UK's climate expected to change in winter?

2-3 degrees warmer and 30% wetter