chapter 9 causal claims pt 1-2

Dr. Dormeur studies sleep and sleep disorders. She was concerned that asking participants how long it took them to fall asleep would lead them to suspect that was the purpose of the study and change the behavior accordingly. Her decision to measure how long it took participants to go to sleep using the EEG instead of self-report was meant to decrease which of the following?

Demand characteristics

Which of the following is a reason why a researcher might choose to conduct a double-blind study?

To control for observer bias

Dr. Carter is curious about how self-esteem changes as a result of a new counseling program. She is concerned about testing threats in her study. Which of the following would you recommend to her as a way to address this type of threat?

Use a different but equivalent measure of self-esteem at pretest than at posttest

Regression is especially problematic in which of the following situations?

when one group has an extremely high score at pretest

Dr. Granger notices that 20 students in their longitudinal study of 100 college students dropped out of the experiment over time. When they look at the missing data, they discover that those 20 students had significantly lower pretest scores than the 80 with complete data. Which type of threat is this an example of?

attrition