Chapter 12: Spirituality (pt 1)

In the Pre-Christian era, people believed that illness was caused by __________ and focused on appeasing them through rituals and sacrifices.

gods or evil spirits

During the Early Christian era, nursing developed as a form of __________ and caring for the sick became a vital expression of faith.

service to God / expression of Christian love

In the Post-Reformation period, nursing became more __________, and religious orders established hospitals and trained nurses.

organized and structured

By the Mid-20th century, spirituality in nursing began to be viewed as separate from __________ care, focusing more on physical and psychological aspects.

spiritual

Religion can be described as a “__________” that outlines essential beliefs, values, and codes of conduct into a manner of living.

map (framework)

Religion may be practiced through a religious __________ (like Christianity) or a specific __________ (like Baptist).

tradition; denomination

Many of the world’s religions hold __________ beliefs, such as compassion, respect for life, and service to others.

common

Spirituality is a “__________” that takes place over time and involves the accumulation of life experiences and understanding.

journey

Spiritual growth often results from __________ events that cause great internal upheaval, struggle, and challenge.

painful

Spirituality is an attempt to find __________, __________, and __________ in life.

meaning; value; purpose

The nurse notes on the admission form that the client has indicated “no religious preference.” What does this indicate to the nurse about the client?

Does not follow the tenets of a specific faith

The three core issues of spirituality are __________, __________, and __________.

faith; hope; compassionate love

A __________ is anything that allows for the presence of the transcendent.

miracle

A miracle does not necessarily involve a __________.

cure

Miracles commonly proceed according to __________ law.

natural

Miracles can have a profound impact on a person’s __________.

expectancies

Some research suggests that religion has a…

positive influence over physical and mental health.

Other studies find that some religious values can…

impede positive health outcomes.

Research does not always answer how or why religion affects _____.

health

The four main branches of Judaism are __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Orthodox; Conservative; Reform; Reconstructionist

Branches of Christianity include __________, __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Roman Catholicism; Christian Science; Jehovah’s Witness; Mormonism; Seventh Day Adventism

People who follow or practice Islam are called __________.

Muslims

Major religions listed include: __________, __________, __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Islam; Hinduism; Buddhism; American Indian (religious traditions); Rastafarianism; Atheism

It would be most important for the nurse to instruct nursing assistive personnel (NAP) to assist clients of which faith to wash their hands before meals?

Muslim

Spiritual care demands __________ attitudes and __________ thinking.

nonjudgmental; open

The more you know yourself, the more effectively you can…

care for others.

Three recommended actions for nurses are: Gain self ______, Be __________, and Take time to __________.

knowledge; open (or be open); reflect (or reflect/reflect on experiences)

One barrier to spiritual care is a lack of awareness of __________ in general.

A lack of awareness of your own __________ belief system can hinder providing spiritual care.

spirituality

Trying to be __________ to all people can make it difficult to meet individual spiritual needs.

spiritual

Differences in __________ between nurse and client can be a barrier to spiritual care.

all things

Fear that your spirituality base is insufficient may cause…

a nurse to avoid spiritual discussions.

Fear of where spiritual discussions may lead can also…

prevent effective spiritual care.

Common tools used to assess spirituality include the __________ tool, the __________ Spiritual Well-Being Scale, and the __________ Model.

HOPE; JAREL; SPIRIT

There are different __________ of spiritual assessment, ranging from simple observations to in-depth interviews.

levels

Sources of information about a client’s spirituality include their __________, __________, __________, __________, and __________.

environment; questions; behaviors; moods and feelings; nonverbal communication

Spiritual outcomes that can be planned for include lessened __________ level, comfortable __________, and dignified __________ closure.

anxiety; death/status; life

Other outcomes include increased __________, reduced __________ severity, improved personal __________, personal well-being, quality of life, spiritual health, and __________ to live.

hope; loneliness; resiliency; will

Nursing interventions to address spiritual needs include: __________ listening, __________, __________, exploring meaning, __________ therapy, spiritual support, __________ facilitation, hope inspiration, and __________.

active; presence; touch; reminiscence; forgiveness; prayer

When a patient asks, “Why did God let this happen to me?”, the action that best depicts the aspect of “Caring” is to __________ her hand, sit with her, and __________.

hold; listen

Other less ideal options include calling her parents, referring her to the Chaplain, or __________ with her.

cry

Before praying, determine whether the client wishes you to __________ for him or __________ him.

pray; with

Ask the client what they would like you to __________ in prayer.

address

Ask how the client prefers to address the __________.

divine

Ask the client if any __________ or religious items are needed before prayer.

rituals

Always feel free to __________ or not to __________.

pray; pray

Do not be __________ about praying or avoiding prayer.

compulsive

Know there are appropriate __________ and __________ for prayer.

times; places

When a client asks for prayer, know how to __________.

reply

Focus the prayer around the client’s __________. Know prayers that are __________.

request; realistic

If composing a prayer is difficult, use existing prayers from __________. Include a request for divine help involving the __________.

religious text; healthcare team

Thank the client for being asked to __________ in prayer.

participate