Types of Logical-Rational Reasoning

Five question-and-answer flashcards reviewing the main types of logical-rational reasoning covered in the lecture.

reasoning by signs

The reasons are presented as observable signs or symptoms that indicate, but do not guarantee, the truth of the conclusion.

reasoning by cause

The reasons are stated as the causal factors that directly produce the effect asserted in the conclusion.

reasoning by analogy

A form of argument that compares two different situations or entities, inferring that because they share certain similarities, what is true of one is likely true of the other.

Define reasoning by generalization.

An argument that derives a general thesis from multiple similar cases and extends that thesis to other instances of the same kind.

reasoning from authority

It cites the opinion of a recognized expert or reputable institution, using their credibility to validate the conclusion.