Computer Science AS Level (9618) Notes Review

These flashcards cover key concepts from the Computer Science AS Level notes, focusing on data representation, multimedia, networks, and system software.

What is the basis of any number system in data representation?

A base and place value for each digit.

What are the possible digits in the Binary System?

0 and 1.

How is a negative number represented in binary using Two's Complement?

By making the most significant bit a sign bit and inverting the bits, then adding 1.

What are the prefixes for denary and binary systems?

Kilo- (k), Mega- (M), Giga- (G), Tera- (T) for denary; Kibi- (Ki), Mebi- (Mi), Gibi- (Gi), Tebi- (Ti) for binary.

What is the maximum positive number in 8-bit binary representation?

255.

How many bits are used to represent each character in ASCII?

7 bits.

What is the difference between bitmap images and vector graphics?

Bitmap images are made of pixels; vector graphics use mathematically defined shapes.

What is the primary function of compression in data files?

To reduce file size without significant loss in quality.

What are the two types of compression?

Lossless and lossy compression.

What does a LAN (Local Area Network) connect?

Devices within a small geographical area.

What is a client-server model?

A model where a dedicated server provides applications to clients.

What is the purpose of a protocol in communication?

To ensure proper data transmission across networks.

What is the main difference between static and dynamic IP addresses?

Static IP addresses do not change; dynamic IP addresses change periodically.

What does normalization do in relational databases?

It organizes fields and tables to reduce redundancy and dependency.

What are the advantages of using a database management system (DBMS)?

Manages data efficiently, reduces redundancy, and enforces data integrity.

What is the role of an assembler in a computer system?

Translates assembly language into machine code for execution.

What is the function of an operating system?

To manage hardware and software resources and provide a user interface.

What type of signals are used in analogue sound data?

Continuous electrical signals.

What is the significance of user accounts and passwords?

To deny access to unauthorized users.