PRELIM 305

d. EMG

NCV

c. Minimally conscious state

A patient had a hemorrhagic stroke and has been unconscious for days. Two days ago, she started having unsustain spontaneous eye opening with mumbling when talked to. What is the level of consciousness of the patient?
a. Vegetative state
b. Coma
c. Minimally conscious state
d. Normal consciousness

c. Transient ischemic attack

A patient had sudden onset of left sided weakness at around 6AM. He was brought to the hospital and was admitted for stroke. By 10PM, the patient fully recovered. What is the type of stroke?
a. Lacunar
b. Embolic
c. Transient ischemic attack
d. Thrombotic

a. Occlusion of cerebral artery

Cerebrovascular disease is commonly due to
a. Occlusion of cerebral artery
b. Trauma to the head
c. Meningeal infection
d. Brain tumor bleed

a. 5

For stroke survivors, the annual risk of stroke recurrence is approximately how many percent per year?
a. 5
b. 3
c. 7
d. 10

a. Hypertension

Hemorrhagic stroke is commonly associated with uncontrolled
a. Hypertension
b. Diabetes
c. Atrial Fibrillation
d. Hypercholesterolemia

b. Patient who is drowsy

In which of the following should swallowing evaluation be deferred?
a. Patient with drooling
b. Patient who is drowsy
c. Patient with dysarthria
d. Patient who is not able to stand

a. Ataxia

Most important sign of cerebellar disease is
a. Ataxia
b. Dystonia
c. Tremor
d. Aphasia

d. Apraxia

Refers to the absence of skilled movements with intact motor, sensory and cognitive function
a. Myoclonus
b. Tics
c. Ataxia
d. Apraxia

a. Headache

What is the common presenting symptom of brain tumor?
a. Headache
b. Ataxia
c. Seizure
d. Coma

b. Weakness of one side contralateral to the brain lesion

What is the general pattern of weakness in cerebrovascular disease?
a. Bilateral weakness of either the upper or lower extremities
b. Weakness of one side contralateral to the brain lesion
c. Weakness of one side ipsilateral to the brain damage
d. Weakness of group of muscles with the same neural innervation

a. Atherosclerotic plaque

What is the most common cause of cerebral thrombosis?
a. Atherosclerotic plaque
b. High blood pressure
c. Atrial Fibrillation
d. Charcot bouchard aneurysm

d. Thrombotic

What is the most common cause of stroke?
a. Hemorrhagic
b. Lacunar
c. Embolic
d. Thrombotic

d. Autoimmune

What is the pathology in myasthenia gravis?
a. Degenerative
b. Iatrogenic
c. Vascular
d. Autoimmune

c. Anti

platelets

b. Hemorrhagic stroke

Which of the following is a risk factor for acute stroke mortality?
a. Thrombotic stroke
b. Hemorrhagic stroke
c. Hypercholesterolemia
d. Frontal lobe stroke

d. Spasticity

Which of the following is a symptom of a central nervous system disorder?
a. Muscle atrophy
b. Hypotonia
c. Absent reflexes
d. Spasticity

d. CT scan

Which of the following is immediately done in a patient suspected of a stroke?
a. PET scan
b. EEG
c. MRI
d. CT scan

b. Happens in the absence of training

Which of the following is TRUE in spontaneous recovery?
a. All of the above
b. Happens in the absence of training
c. Goes on and on, not time bound
d. Use of affected brain

a. CSF analysis

Which of the following would be the best to do in the diagnosis of CNS infection?
a. CSF analysis
b. EMG

c. Concussion

A basketball player fell into the ground after a jump shot. He had a brief loss of consciousness but was up and about after, oriented to person, place and time. The player sustained a
a. Severe TBI
b. Moderate TBI
c. Concussion
d. Contusion

a. Frontal

Sexual disinhibition is likely after TBI in patient with involvement of what lobe?
a. Frontal
b. Temporal
c. Parietal
d. Occipital

a. Boxing

TBI is common in what sports?
a. Boxing
b. Football
c. Mixed martial arts
d. Basketball

c. Gastrostomy

TBI patients who cannot be fed orally for more than three weeks is recommended to be fed through
a. Nasogastric tube
b. Oral gastric tube
c. Gastrostomy
d. Intravenous feeding

a. Vehicular accident

The most common cause of TBI across all ages is
a. Vehicular accident
b. Fall
c. Recreational activities
d. Violence

d. Coup injury happens on the initial impact of the head on a hard surface

TRUE of coup

c. They have a permanent gaps to events during PTA

TRUE of patient with post traumatic amnesia
a. All of the above
b. They have recall of events immediately following trauma
c. They have a permanent gaps to events during PTA
d. Their ability to learn new information is retained

b. Concussion

Which of the following is NOT a primary mechanism causing traumatic brain injury?
a. Cranial nerve injury
b. Concussion
c. Diffuse axonal injury
d. Petechial hemorrhages

c. Lowest GCS score immediately after medical stabilization

Which of the following is the most accurate measure of TBI severity?
a. Lowest GCS score throughout hospitalization
b. Lowest GCS score at the scene of the accident
c. Lowest GCS score immediately after medical stabilization
d. Lowest GCS score post

b. Seizure

Which of the following predicts poor outcome after TBI?
a. Cranial nerve injury
b. Seizure
c. Amnesia
d. Electrolyte imbalance

a. Clinical

Diagnosis of PD is made through
a. Clinical
b. MRI
c. CT scan
d. PET scan

b. Pharmacotherapy

The most important treatment strategy in PD is
a. Deep brain stimulation
b. Pharmacotherapy
c. Surgery
d. Rehabilitation

d. Dopamine

What hormone is thought to be deficient in PD?
a. Acetylcholine
b. Serotonin
c. Norepinephrine
d. Dopamine

d. Idiopathic

What is the most common type of PD?
a. Juvenile
b. Pseudoparkinsonism
c. Secondary
d. Idiopathic

d. Simian posture

Which of the following is due to weakness of extensor muscles?
a. Akinesia
b. Striatal hand
c. Masked fascies
d. Simian posture

b. Festinating gait

Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of PD?
a. Tremor
b. Festinating gait
c. Bradykinesia
d. Rigidity

a. Cigarette smoking

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor in PD?
a. Cigarette smoking
b. Age more than 60 years old
c. Male gender
d. Positive family history

d. Extension of MCP

Which of the following is NOT seen in striatal hand?
a. Flexion of DIP
b. Ulnar deviation at wrist
c. Extension of PIP
d. Extension of MCP

d. Tremor

Which of the following is the first sign of PD in most patients?
a. Anosmia
b. Bradykinesia
c. Rigidity
d. Tremor

c. Bradykinesia

Which of the following is the most disabling symptom experienced by patients with PD?
a. Rigidity
b. Horner's syndrome
c. Bradykinesia
d. Tremor

d. Saccule

Otolith organs include
a. Semicircular canals
b. Cristae
c. Ampulla
d. Saccule

a. Oscillopsia

Refers to visual illusion of oscillating movement of stationary objects
a. Oscillopsia
b. Vertigo
c. Dysequilibrium
d. Nystagmus

b. Stroke

The most common cause of central vestibular disorder is
a. Alzheimer's disease
b. Stroke
c. Posterior cranial fossa tumor
d. TBI

a. Meniere's

This condition causes accumulation of fluid in the inner ear causing symptoms
a. Meniere's
b. Acoustic neuroma
c. BPPV
d. Vestibular neuritis

a. True

Vestibular rehabilitation aims to make symptoms go away.
a. True
b. False

d. Benign positional paroxysmal vertigo

What is the most common cause of peripheral vestibular disorder?
a. Perilymphatic fistula
b. Labyrinthitis
c. Meniere's disease
d. Benign positional paroxysmal vertigo

b. Careful observation

What is the treatment for elderly with acoustic neuroma?
a. Surgery
b. Careful observation
c. Radiation therapy
d. Medication

d. Computer dynamic posturography

Which of the following assess major senses involved in balance?
a. Quantified dynamic visual acuity
b. Electronystamography
c. Vestibular evoked myogenic potential tests
d. Computer dynamic posturography

a. Cerebellum

Which of the following modulates vestibulo

b. Voluntary saccadic eye movements should be done with head movement for gaze stability

Which of the following recommendations by APTA has strong evidence regarding vestibular rehabilitation?
a. All of the above
b. Voluntary saccadic eye movements should be done with head movement for gaze stability
c. Specific exercise should be done aimed at identified impairments
d. VRT should be done in all elderly patients