APUSH Quiz 1/31

Andrew Carnegie

Industrial titan known for using vertical integration in the steel industry.

John D. Rockefeller

Founder of the Standard Oil Trust, utilized horizontal integration to monopolize the oil industry.

Laissez-Faire Capitalism

Economic theory advocating minimal government interference in business.

Social Darwinism

Herbert Spencer’s theory that business success is a result of 'survival of the fittest'.

Gospel of Wealth

Carnegie's belief that the rich have a moral obligation to use their wealth for the public good.

Interstate Commerce Act

1887 law aimed at regulating railroads, but weakly enforced.

Sherman Antitrust Act

1890 law that outlawed monopolies restricting trade, often misused against labor unions.

Knights of Labor

Labor union led by Terence Powderly, open to all workers but declined after the Haymarket Riot.

American Federation of Labor (AFL)

Union founded in 1886 focusing on skilled workers' rights and 'bread and butter' issues.

Great Railroad Strike

First nationwide strike in 1877, suppressed by federal troops.

Homestead Strike

1892 violent clash at Carnegie Steel between workers and Pinkerton detectives.

Chinese Exclusion Act

1882 legislation that restricted immigration based on race and nationality.

Pendleton Act

1883 law establishing civil service exams to reduce political patronage.

Populist Party

Political party that emerged in 1892 advocating for bimetallism and other reforms.

'Cross of Gold' speech

William Jennings Bryan's speech advocating for free silver during the 1896 election.

Philanthropy

Carnegie's preferred method of using wealth to help society during one's life.

Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address

Speech emphasizing reconciliation and moral responsibility as the Civil War neared its end.

Malice Toward None

Lincoln's call for forgiveness and unity following the Civil War.