Adaptations to Exercise: Cardiovascular System

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the adaptations of the cardiovascular system to exercise, focusing on topics such as heart function, exercise types, and physiological changes.

Heart failure

A condition where the heart stops working effectively, unable to pump blood adequately.

HIIT

High Intensity Interval Training, a training method characterized by short bursts of intense exercise followed by rest or lower-intensity exercise.

Ejection fraction

The percentage of blood that is pumped out of the heart with each beat, an indicator of heart efficiency.

Maximal cardiac output

The maximum amount of blood the heart can pump in a minute, an important measure of cardiovascular health.

Stroke volume

The amount of blood ejected by the heart in one contraction.

Microvasculature

The network of small blood vessels including arterioles, capillaries, and venules, crucial for blood distribution and oxygen delivery.

Arterial compliance

The ability of blood vessels to expand and contract with changes in pressure.

Oxygen extraction

The process by which muscles take up oxygen from the blood for energy production.

Mitochondria

Organelles in cells often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for producing energy (ATP) using oxygen.

Cardiovascular adaptations

Physiological changes in the cardiovascular system as a response to exercise, including improved heart efficiency and vascular function.