Therapies Flashcards

Flashcards based on the Therapies lecture notes.

What is Psychotherapy?

Use of established psychological techniques to treat psychiatric disorders by facilitating positive changes in personality, behavior, or adjustment

What is the goal of Insight Therapies?

To give people better awareness and understanding of their feelings, motivations, and actions

Who founded Psychoanalysis?

Sigmund Freud

What is the main assumption of Psychoanalysis?

Assumes that psychological problems stem from feelings and conflicts repressed during childhood

What is the aim of Psychoanalysis?

To bring hidden feelings and motives to conscious awareness so that the person can deal with them more effectively

What is Free Association in Psychoanalysis?

Patients say aloud whatever comes to mind, regardless of its apparent irrelevance or senselessness

What is Dream Analysis in Psychoanalysis?

Examining dreams to find clues to unconscious conflicts and problems

What is Resistance in Psychoanalysis?

Inability or unwillingness to discuss or reveal particular memories, thoughts, or motivations

What is Transference in Psychoanalysis?

The transfer of intense feelings to a psychoanalyst of love or anger that had been originally directed to a patient’s parents or other authority figures

What is the rationale behind Humanistic Therapy?

Stresses that we have control of our own behavior and can make choices to solve difficulties

Who developed Client-Centered Therapy?

Carl Rogers

According to Client-Centered Therapy, when do psychological disorders emerge?

The psychological disorder emerge when the person’s self-actualization process is blocked

What is the aim of Client-Centered Therapy?

To help clients become fully functioning, to foster self-actualization

Who developed Gestalt Therapy?

Fritz Perls

What does Gestalt Therapy emphasize?

Emphasizes present and encourages face-to-face confrontations

What is the Empty Chair Technique in Gestalt Therapy?

A technique where clients speak to a part of themselves that they imagine to be sitting next to them in an empty chair

What is Virtual (Online) Therapy (Telehealth)?

Delivering mental health care through internet or electronic sources

What is the core belief of Behavior Therapies?

All behaviors, normal or abnormal, are learned

What is the aim of Classical Conditioning techniques?

Techniques attempt to evoke new conditioned response to old stimuli

What is Systematic Desensitization?

Exposure to an anxiety producing stimulus is paired with deep relaxation in order to reduce an anxiety response

What is Extinction in behavioral therapies?

Ending of old fears or reactions

What is Flooding?

Full-intensity exposure to a feared stimulus for a prolonged period of time

What is Aversive Conditioning?

Behavioral therapy technique to eliminate undesirable behavior patterns by teaching person to associate them with pain and discomfort

How do Operant Conditioning techniques work?

Techniques work by reinforcing new behaviors and ignoring or punishing old ones

What is Behavior (Contingency) Contracting?

Client and the therapist set behavioral goals and agree on reinforcements the person will receive upon reaching those goals

What is a Token Economy?

People are rewarded with tokens or points for appropriate behavior, later can be exchanged with desired items and privileges

What is Modeling?

Learning behavior by watching others perform those behaviors

What is the aim of Cognitive Therapies?

To teach people to think in more adaptive ways by changing their dysfunctional cognitions about the world and themselves

What is Stress-Inoculation Therapy?

Trains clients to cope with stressful situations by learning more useful or functional patterns of self-talk

What causes psychological distress according to Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET)?

Clients’ psychological distress caused by irrational and self-defeating beliefs

What is the aim of Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET)?

To help client eliminate maladaptive thoughts and beliefs and adopt more effective thinking

What are the components of Ellis’s ABC Theory?

A - activating event, B - belief about event, C - consequence

According to Beck, what does depression result from?

According to Beck, depression results from inappropriately self-critical patterns of thought

What is the aim of Family Therapies?

Improve communication among family members and to help the family to find effective solutions for conflicts

What is the aim of Couple Therapy?

To improve communication and interaction between partners

What are the 5 types of Drug therapy given?

Antipsychotics, Antidepressants, Lithium, Anti-anxiety drugs, Psychostimulants

What do Antidepressant drugs treat?

Used for depression and anxiety

What does Lithium treat?

It is not a drug, but a naturally occurring salt that is generally quite effective in treating bipolar disorder and in reducing the incidence of suicide in bipolar patients

What is Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) used for?

Cases of prolonged and severe depression that do not respond to other forms of treatment

What is Psychosurgery?

Brain surgery performed to change a person’s behavior or emotional state