commerce

What is the definition of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)?

It is when a business goes above and beyond their legal obligations in relation to a social and/or environmental cause.

A business that only does what it is legally mandated to do regarding social issues is considered a _____.

social enterprise

What is a social enterprise?

A business that uses commercial trading to achieve a social, environmental, or cultural mission.

What is one reason why some businesses do not engage in Corporate Social Responsibility?

It is considered too expensive.

List two reasons why a business might engage in Corporate Social Responsibility.

To improve brand image and appeal to consumers, making a purchase more likely.

What are hard skills?

Skills that can be taught and measured, often involving hands-on experience.

Provide an example of a hard skill for a mechanic.

Changing oils.

What are soft skills?

Interpersonal skills and personal attributes that describe how you interact with others at work, also known as emotional intelligence.

What is summary dismissal?

The immediate termination of an employee without notice due to a serious misconduct.

What is an example of a serious misconduct that could lead to summary dismissal?

Stealing company funds or sexually harassing a coworker.

What is the primary role of a modern award as set by the Fair Work Commission?

To set the minimum payment and working conditions for each industry.

What is an enterprise agreement?

A set of payment and work conditions negotiated between employees and employers for a specific company.

An enterprise agreement's pay rate must always be _____ the modern award rate.

better than

What body provides dispute resolution services between employees and employers?

The Fair Work Commission.

Who is an entrepreneur?

A person who creates, organises, or manages a business, taking on financial risks in hopes of making a profit.

What is unfair dismissal?

A termination of an employee that is harsh, unjust, or unreasonable.

A dismissal is considered 'harsh' when it is an extreme response that heavily impacts the employee's _____ and personal situation.

economic

When is a dismissal considered 'unjust'?

When the employee is not guilty of the action or behaviour the employer dismissed them for.

When is a dismissal considered 'unreasonable'?

When there is not enough evidence to support the dismissal of the employee.

What is one condition that can make a dismissal unfair besides being harsh, unjust, or unreasonable?

The dismissal was not a genuine redundancy, meaning the job still needs to be done.

According to the Fair Work Commission criteria, what must be communicated to an employee for a dismissal to be considered fair?

The reason for the dismissal must be clearly communicated to the employee.

What opportunity must an employee be given before dismissal to ensure fairness?

The employee must get a fair chance to respond to the reasons for dismissal.

If the reason for dismissal was poor performance, what should the employee have received beforehand?

The employee should have received a warning beforehand.

What is the function of the Human Resources (HR) department in a business?

The HR department is responsible for employees and processes related to them, such as assisting in a dismissal process.

What is the primary role of an employer in the workplace?

To provide a safe, lawful, and fair working environment for employees.

What is the primary role of an employee in the workplace?

To finish work to expectations and follow workplace rules and policies.

What is the first step the Fair Work Commission takes in an unfair dismissal case?

It receives reviews from employees who believe they were unfairly dismissed.

If the Fair Work Commission rules a dismissal as unfair, what is one potential remedy it can order?

Reinstatement (getting the job back) or compensation.

Define 'reinstatement' as a remedy for unfair dismissal.

The employee gets their job back or returns to an equivalent position with the same pay and working conditions.

What is globalisation?

The increasing independence between countries through trade, communication, technology, culture, and the movement of people and ideas.

How has globalisation impacted competition for businesses?

It has led to more competition, causing companies to lower costs and improve efficiency.

What effect has globalisation had on manufacturing jobs in some developed countries?

Manufacturing has moved to countries where labour is cheaper, reducing jobs in one country but creating them in another.

How does the Fair Work Act protect employees from unfair dismissal?

It provides a criteria to rule if a dismissal is unfair and informs employees of their rights.

What is qualitative data?

Descriptive and non-numerical data that explains quality, characteristics, opinions, or experiences.

Provide an example of qualitative data for a restaurant.

A review on the taste of the food or the environment of the restaurant.

What is quantitative data?

Numerical data that can be counted or measured with numbers.

Provide an example of quantitative data for customer service.

Customers rating the service from 1-5 stars.

What is an ethical supply chain?

A supply chain where all stages of production and distribution are socially responsible, sustainable, and fair to workers.

What is an unethical supply chain?

A supply chain where goods are produced or distributed in ways that harm people, exploit workers, or damage the environment.

What is a major disadvantage of child labour for the child involved?

Loss of education, emotional and psychological trauma, or physical harm.

What is a primary reason businesses in low-income regions might use child labour?

It provides cheap labour and can increase productivity at a lower cost.

Child labour is harmful work that interferes with a child's health and education, whereas _____ is legal, safe, and appropriate work for children.

child work

In which West African countries is child labour a significant issue in cocoa production?

Ivory Coast and Ghana.

What is the main driver of child labour in the cocoa farming regions of West Africa?

Many families experience extreme poverty, making child labour a cheap source of labour for farmers.

What is a benefit of being an ethical consumer?

It supports fair treatment of workers, helps protect the environment, or protects the human rights of vulnerable people.

What is a disadvantage of being an ethical consumer?

Products may have higher costs, limited availability, or require more research.

What is fair trade?

A system ensuring producers are fairly paid and work in safe environments while following sustainable practices.

Fair trade products must meet strict standards, such as no _____ or forced labour.

child labour

What is an advantage of fair trade products for consumers?

They are ethically produced, often of higher quality, and build consumer trust.

What is a disadvantage of fair trade products for consumers?

They often have a higher price and limited availability or variety.

What is a supply chain?

The entire process a product goes through, from gathering raw materials and manufacturing to distribution and sale to consumers.

Providing employees with free childcare or an onsite gym is an example of a business engaging in _____.

corporate social responsibility

The Fair Work Act protects employees from unlawful treatment such as _____ and violations of workplace rights.

discrimination

How can globalisation lead to the exploitation of workers?

It can create opportunities for exploitation if businesses do not monitor their suppliers in countries with cheaper labour.

Using machetes and carrying heavy loads are examples of dangers faced by children in _____ production.

chocolate