D1.1- DNA Replication

IB Bio SL yr2

What is DNA replication?

DNA replication is the process where exact copies of DNA are made with identical base sequences it’s required for new cells to be made for growth and tissue replacement .

What are the rules of the nature of semi-conservative DNA replication?

• Each strand of the original double helix serves as a template for the new strands.

• Each resulting DNA molecule consists of one old strand and one newly synthesized strand.

• It must be antiparallel

• RNA must be at the top

What are the roles of helicase?

• Unwind the DNA strand

• Break the hydrogen bonds between the strands

Whats the role of DNA polymerase?

• Adding new complementary bases to each of the strands

What do polymerase chain reactions do?

• Makes billions of copies of DNA using a template strand

• In order to do so you mix primers, dNTPs, and taq polymerase in a machine to make more copies

What are ways to amplifying and separating DNA?

Polymerase and gel electrophoresis

How do you get results out of gel electrophoresis ?

• Put amplified DNA into wells of gel

• Run a current through it

• Then the DNA will separate by size

  • Make sure to place in the middle so it can actually run

What are practical applications of polymerase chain reactions and gel electrophoresis?

• Paternity tests

• Forensic analysis of crime scenes

  • Taking more data will bring a more likely conclusion

  • Around 30 different SNPs