module2_OS
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10 Terms
Process
A process can be thought of as a program in execution, requiring resources such as CPU time, memory, and I/O devices.
Operating System Processes
Processes that execute system code.
User Processes
Processes that execute user code.
Process Control Block (PCB)
A data structure that contains information about a process, including its state, program counter, and memory limits.
Context Switch
The process of saving the state of an old process and loading the state of a new process in CPU scheduling.
New State
A state that indicates a process is being created for the first time.
Ready State
A state indicating a process is ready to execute when the CPU is available.
Running State
The state of a process when it has been allocated CPU time and is executing instructions.
Waiting State
The state of a process when it is waiting for some event to occur, such as I/O completion.
Scheduled Process
A process selected by the scheduler for execution from the ready queue.
