the atom 2

the atom

• fundamental building block of matter

• smallest particle of an element

• principle parts: electrons, neutrons, protons

greek, Dalton, Thomson. Rutherford, Bohr, quantum chromodynamics

models of atom

greek atom

• democrtius

• atomos - invisible or uncuttable

• four substances: earth, water, air, fire

• four essences: dry, wet, cold, hot

dalton atom

• john dalton

• Hook and eye affair

• compounds form when atoms combine in fixed ratios

• atoms are solid, indivisble spheres

thomson atom

• j.j. thomson

• plum pudding

• plum - electrons

• pudding - shapeless mass of positive electrification

rutherford atom

• ernest rutherford

• nuclear model

• atoms contain a positively charge central nucleus

• gold foil expirement

bohr atom

• niels bohr

• planetary model

• electrons orbit nucleus in fixed energy levels

• hydrogen emission spectrum

shells

electrons location

nucleus

proton and neutrons location

1

electrons relative

9.109×10-³1

electron kg

electron amu

0.000549

0

electron #

-1

electron charge

-

electron symbol

1836

proton relative

1.673x-²7

proton kg

1.00728

proton amu

1

proton number

+1

proton charge

+

proton symbol

1838

neutron relative

1.675×10-²7

neutron kg

1.00867

neutron amu

1

neutron #

0

neutron charge

o

neutron symbol