movement across a cell membrane

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importance of cell transport

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20 Terms

1

importance of cell transport

  1. required for cell homeostasis

  2. transport of waste in and out the cell

  3. absorption of nutrients into the cell

  4. oxygen for respiration

  5. CO2 exit

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2

diffusion

the movement of particles from a high to low concentration; passive transport

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3

simple diffusion

the diffusion of nonpolar, small molecules through the cell membrane without the help of a channel protein; with the concentration gradient

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4

facilitated diffusion

the diffusion of polar, large, charged molecules through the cell membrane with the help of a channel protein; with the concentration gradient

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5

osmosis

diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane from high water concentration to low water concentration; passive transport

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6

hypotonic

cell grows because water enters it; water goes where there is more solute, however the cell can swell and burst

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7

contractile vacuole

pumps water out the cell; the solution to a cell that might burst from an excess of water

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8

hypotonic plant cell

turgid (full); cell wall protects cell from bursting

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9

hypertonic

cell shrinks because water leaves it; the cell can shrivel and die

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10

cell pumps out solute

the solution to a cell that is drastically shrunken

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11

hypertonic plant cell

plasmolysis (wilt); can recover from this

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12

isotonic

no difference in concentration of water between cell and environment; cell is in equilibrium and volume is stable

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13

isotonic plant cell

flaccid

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14

paramecium

can survive severe hypotonic solutions

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15

shellfish

hypertonic

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16

IV solution/saline

isotonic

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17

endocytosis

process by which the cell take sin molecules into the intracellular space; requires formation of a vesicle for bulk import of substances

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18

pinocytosis

type of endocytosis; to drink

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19

phagocytosis

type of endocytosis; to eat

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20

exocytosis

process by which cells release molecules into the extracellular space; requires formation of a vesicle for bulk export of substances

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