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Work
In physics, work is done when an object is moved over a distance by an external force applied in the direction of its displacement.
Energy Transfer
When work is done, energy is transferred from one object to another.
Joules (J)
The unit of measurement for work done, equivalent to the amount of energy transferred.
Conservation of Energy
The principle stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)
Energy stored in an object due to its position in a gravitational field.
Kinetic Energy (KE)
The energy that an object possesses due to its motion or velocity.
Efficiency
The ratio of useful energy output from a system to the total energy input, often expressed as a percentage.
Power
The rate at which energy is transferred or the rate of doing work, measured in Watts (W).
P = Fv
The equation for power, where P is power, F is force, and v is velocity, applicable when a constant force moves a body at constant velocity.
Energy Dissipation
Energy that is lost to the surroundings and does not contribute to useful work, often in the form of thermal energy.
Work Done Equation
Work done is calculated as the product of force applied and the distance moved in the direction of the force.
Momentum
The product of the mass and velocity of an object.
Mechanical Energy
The sum of kinetic and potential energy in a physical system.
Efficiency Equation (Percentage)
Efficiency (%) = (Useful energy output / Total energy input) x 100.
GPE Calculation
The gravitational potential energy can be calculated using the equation: GPE = mgh, where m is mass, g is gravitational acceleration, and h is height.
Kinetic Energy Calculation
Kinetic energy can be calculated using the equation: KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is speed.
