ABPsych Notes (Booster ver.)

DSM-5 Study Guide

Panic Attacks

[ANXIETY DISORDERS]

May be expected - response to typically feared object or situation; Unexpected - occurs for no apparent reason

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

[ANXIETY DISORDERS]

Persistent and excessive anxiety and worry about various domains which are difficult to control (for at least 6 mos.) in addition to physical symptoms such as restlessness, easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension and sleep disturbance

Panic Disorder

[ANXIETY DISORDERS]

Recurrent unexpected panic attacks and persistently worried (for at least 1 month) of having more panic attacks which may cause maladaptive behaviors

Agoraphobia

[ANXIETY DISORDERS]

Fear and anxiety of "unsafe" situations (e.g., public transport, open spaces, enclosed spaces, standing in line, or being in a crowd, being outside home alone) where panic-like symptoms may occur and help or escape is unlikely

Symptoms last at least 6 months

Specific Phobia

[ANXIETY DISORDERS]

Fear, anxiety or avoidance of circumscribed objects or situations that is out of proportion to actual risk (Subtypes: Animal, Natural Environment, Blood-Injection-Injury, Situational, other)

Symptoms last at least 6 months

Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)

[ANXIETY DISORDERS]

Fear, anxiety, or avoidance of social interactions and situations where scrutiny is possible in addition to cognitive ideation of being negatively evaluated or offending others

Symptoms last at least 6 months

Separation Anxiety Disorder

[ANXIETY DISORDERS]

Fear or anxiety (for at least 4 weeks) about developmentally inappropriate separation from attachment figures; nightmares and physical symptoms may be present

Selective Mutism (SM)

[ANXIETY DISORDERS]

Consistent failure to speak in social situations even though individual speaks in other situations which leads to significant consequences on achievement or interferes social communication (usually diagnosed in addition to Social Anxiety Disorder)

Disturbance last at least 1 month

Substance/Medication-Induced Anxiety Disorder

[ANXIETY DISORDERS]

Anxiety due to substance intoxication or withdrawal or exposure to a medication treatment

Anxiety Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

[ANXIETY DISORDERS]

Anxiety symptoms are direct pathophysiological consequence of another medical condition

Other Specified Anxiety Disorder

[ANXIETY DISORDERS]

Anxiety-like symptoms that cause clinically significant distress or impairment but does not meet full criteria and clinician specifies the reason (e.g.., limited symptom attacks, generalized anxiety not occurring more days than not)

Unspecified Anxiety Disorder

[ANXIETY DISORDERS]

Anxiety-like symptoms that cause clinically significant distress or impairment but does not meet full criteria and clinician does not choose to communicate the reason and there is insufficient information to make more specific diagnosis (e.g., emergency room settings)

Reactive Attachment Disorder

[TRAUMA AND STRESSOR RELATED DISORDERS]

Expressed with depressive symptoms and withdrawn behavior and compromised emotional regulation capacity which are cause by serious social neglect

*Disturbance is evident before age 5 years

*Child has developmental age of at least 9 months

Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder

[TRAUMA AND STRESSOR RELATED DISORDERS]

Marked by culturally inappropriate, overly familiar behavior with relative strangers which is caused by serious social neglect

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

[TRAUMA AND STRESSOR RELATED DISORDERS]

Development of varying characteristics symptoms (e.g., fear-based emotional and behavioral, anhedonic or dysphoric mood and negative conditions, arousal and reactive-externalizing) following exposure to the traumatic events

Duration is more than 1 month

Acute Stress Disorder (ASD)

[TRAUMA AND STRESSOR RELATED DISORDERS]

PTSD symptoms lasting from 3 days to 1 month following exposure to the traumatic event/s

Duration is shorter

Adjustment Disorder

[TRAUMA AND STRESSOR RELATED DISORDERS]

Presence of emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to identifiable stressor (within 3 months of the onset of the stressor/s); may be single/multiple, recurrent/continuous

Symptoms do not persist for more than an additional 6 months once stressor is terminated

Other Specified Trauma- and Stressor-related Disorder

[TRAUMA AND STRESSOR RELATED DISORDERS]

Trauma- and stressor-like symptoms that cause clinically significant distress or impairment but do not meet full criteria, and clinician specifies the reason (ex. Persistent complex bereavement disorder, adjustment-like disorders with delayed onset of symptoms that occur more than 3 months after the stressor, ataque de nervios)

Unspecified Trauma- and Stressor-related Disorder

[TRAUMA AND STRESSOR RELATED DISORDERS]

Trauma- and stressor-like symptoms that cause clinically significant distress or impairment but do not meet full criteria, and clinician chooses not to specify the reason and there is insufficient information to make more specific diagnosis (e.g., emergency room settings)

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

[OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Repetitive and persistent, time-consuming intrusive obsessions (which individual attempts to ignore or suppress) by means of compulsions; common dimensions: cleaning, symmetry, forbidden thoughts (sex/aggression/religion) and harm

Hoarding Disorder

[OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Cognitive symptom related to perceived need to save possessions

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)

[OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Cognitive symptom related to perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance and repetitive behaviors or mental acts in response to appearance concerns

Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder)

[OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Recurrent and repetitive hair-pulling behaviors resulting in hair loss and repeated attempts to decrease of top hair-pulling

Excoriation (Skin-Picking Disorder)

[OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Recurrent and repetitive skin-picking behaviors resulting in skin lesions and repeated attempts to decrease or stop skin-picking

Substance/Medication-Induced Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder

[OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Obsessive-Compulsive symptoms due to substance intoxication/withdrawal or to a medication

Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

[OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Obsessive-Compulsive-like symptoms that are direct pathophysiological consequence of medical disorder

Other Specified Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder

[OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Obsessive-Compulsive-like symptoms that cause clinically significant distress or impairment but does not meet full criteria and clinician specifies the reason (e.g., body-focused repetitive disorder, obsessional jealousy)

Unspecified Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder

[OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Obsessive-Compulsive-like symptoms that cause clinically significant distress or impairment but does not meet full criteria and clinician does not choose to communicate the reason and there is insufficient information to make more specific diagnosis (e.g., emergency room settings)

Somatic Symptom Disorder

[SOMATIC SYMPTOM AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Multiple, current, somatic symptoms (e.g., cognitive: attention, worry, and fear; behavioral: repeated check-up) that cause clinically significant distress or impairment and may or may not be medically explained

Illness Anxiety Disorder (Hypochondriasis)

[SOMATIC SYMPTOM AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Enduring preoccupation of having or acquiring serious illness and extensive worries about one’s health (illness becomes part of identity) but no or minimal somatic symptoms

Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder)

[SOMATIC SYMPTOM AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Neurological symptoms (loss of function) are found but incompatible with neurological pathophysiology

Factitious Disorder

[SOMATIC SYMPTOM AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Falsification and presentation of symptoms, injury, or disease to others, assuming a “sick role” and in the absence of obvious or external rewards

Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions

[SOMATIC SYMPTOM AND RELATED DISORDERS]

One or more clinically significant psychological or behavioral factors that adversely affects medical condition by increasing risk for suffering, death, or disability

Other Specified Somatic Symptom and Related Disorder

[SOMATIC SYMPTOM AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Somatic-like symptoms that cause clinically significant distress or impairment but does not meet full criteria and clinician specified the reason (e.g., brief somatic symptom disorder, brief illness anxiety disorder, pseudocyesis)

Unspecified Somatic Symptom and Related Disorder

[SOMATIC SYMPTOM AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Somatic-like symptoms that cause clinically significant distress or impairment but does not meet full criteria and clinician does not choose to communicate the reason and there is insufficient information to make more specific diagnoses (e.g., emergency room settings)

Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder

[DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS]

Persistent depersonalization (unreality or detachment from oneself) and/or derealization (unreality or detachment from one’s surroundings) accompanied by intact reality testing

Dissociative Amnesia

[DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS]

Inability to recall autobiographical information which may be generalized (identity and life history), localized (event or period of time) or selective (specific aspect of event) and may or may not involve dissociative fugue (purposeful travel or wandering)

Dissociative Identity Disorder

[DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS]

Presence of two or more distinct personality states (or experience of possession) and recurrent episodes of amnesia

Other Specified Dissociative Disorder

[DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS]

Dissociative-like symptoms that cause clinically significant distress or impairment but does not meet full criteria and clinician specifies the reason (e.g., dissociative trance, acute dissociative reactions to stressful events)

Unspecified Dissociative Disorders

[DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS]

Dissociative-like symptoms that cause clinically significant distress or impairment but does not meet full criteria and clinician does not choose to communicate the reason and there is insufficient information to make more specific diagnosis (e.g., emergency room settings)

Schizotypal (Personality) Disorder

[SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM & OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS]

Pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits, cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior

Delusional Disorder

[SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM & OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS]

At least 1 month of delusion(s) but no other prominent psychotic symptoms

Brief Psychotic Symptoms

[SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM & OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS]

At least 1 day but less than 1 month sudden onset of at least positive psychotic symptom: delusions, hallucinations or disorganized speech: may or may not be accompanied by grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior

Schizophreniform Disorder

[SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM & OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS]

Symptomatic presentation equivalent to schizophrenia but less than 6 months duration (more than 1 month) and decline in functioning not required

Schizophrenia

[SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM & OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS]

Presence of primary psychotic symptoms for a continuous period of at least 6 months accompanied by marked decline in functioning wherein an active phase occurred for at least 1 month for a significant portion of time (2 or more symptoms)

Schizoaffective Disorder

[SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM & OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS]

Presence of both prominent mood episode (major depressive or manic) and active phase symptoms preceded or followed by at least 2 weeks of delusions or hallucinations without prominent mood symptoms; decline in functioning not required

Substance/Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder

[SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM & OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS]

Delusions and/or hallucinations that developed during or after intoxication, withdrawal or exposure to substance/medication which is capable of producing said symptoms

Known Substances/Medications: Alcohol; Cannabis; Phencyclidine; Other hallucinogen; Inhalant; Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic; Amphetamine (or other stimulant); Cocaine

Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Condition

[SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM & OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS]

Prominent delusions or hallucinations are direct physiological consequence of another medical condition

Known Medical Conditions: neurological conditions (neoplasms, cerebrovascular disease, Huntington’s, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, auditory or visual nerve injury, deafness, migraine, CNS infections); endocrine conditions (hyper/hypothyroidism, hyper/hypoadrenocorticism); metabolic conditions (hypoxia, hypercarbia, hypoglycemia); fluid or electrolyte imbalances; hepatic or renal diseases and autoimmune disorders with CNS involvement (lupus)

Catatonia Associated with Another Mental Disorder (Catatonia Specifier)

[SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM & OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS]

Presence of 3 or more catatonic psychomotor features during the course of a neurodevelopmental, psychotic, bipolar, depressive or other mental disorder

Catatonic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

[SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM & OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS]

Presence of 3 or more catatonic psychomotor features that are direct physiological consequence of another medical condition

Known Medical Conditions: neurological conditions (neoplasms, head trauma, cerebrovascular disease, encephalitis) and metabolic conditions (hypercalcemia, hepatic encephalopathy, homocystinuria, diabetic ketoacidosis)

Unspecified Catatonia

[SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM & OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS]

Catatonia-like symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment, but nature of underlying mental disorder or other medical conditions is unclear, or full criteria are not met, or insufficient information to make more specific diagnosis

Other Specified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorder

[SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM & OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS]

Related symptoms that cause clinically significant distress or impairment but does not meet full criteria and clinician specifies the reason (e.g., persistent auditory hallucinations, attenuated psychosis syndrome, delusional symptoms in partner of individual with delusional disorder)

Unspecified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorder

[SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM & OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS]

Related symptoms that cause clinically significantly distress or impairment but does not meet full criteria and clinician does not choose to communicate the reason, possibly due to insufficient information

Catatonia

Presence of 3 or more of 12 psychomotor features; essential feature is marked psychomotor disturbance that may involve decreased motor activity, decreased engagement during assessment, or excessive peculiar motor activity

Stupor

No psychomotor activity, not actively relating to environment

Catalepsy

Passive induction of posture held against gravity

Waxy Flexibility

Slight, even resistance to positioning by examiner

Mutism

No, or very little, verbal response (exclude if known aphasia)

Negativism

Opposition or no response to instructions or external stimuli

Posturing

Spontaneous and active maintenance of a posture against gravity

Mannerism

Odd, circumstantial caricature of normal actions

Stereotypy

Repetitive, abnormally frequent, non-goal directed movements

Echolalia

Mimicking another’s speech

Echopraxia

Mimicking another’s movement

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

[DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS]

Chronic, severe persistent (non-episodic) irritability through frequent verbal and/or behavioral temper outbursts in response to frustration and persistent irritable or angry mood between the outbursts

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

[DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS]

Persistent depressed mood and/or loss of interest or pleasure nearly most of the day every day for at least 2 weeks (plus 4 more symptoms)

Persistent Depressive Disorder or Dysthymia (PDD)

[DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS]

Depressed mood most of the day for more days than not, for at least 2 years (plus 2 more symptoms)

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

[DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS]

Mood lability, irritability, dysphoria and anxiety symptoms accompanied by behavioral and physical symptoms that occur repeatedly during premenstrual phase and remit around onset of menses or shortly thereafter

Substance/Medication-Induced Depressive Disorder

[DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS]

Prominent and persistent depressed mood and/or anhedonia that developed during or soon after intoxication, withdrawal or exposure to substance/medication which is capable of producing said symptoms

Depressive Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

[DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS]

Prominent and persistent depressed and/or anhedonia that is the direct pathophysiological consequence of another medical condition

Other Specified Depressive Disorder

[DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS]

Presentations of depressed mood with clinically significant impairment that do not meet criteria for duration or severity (e.g., recurrent brief depression, short-duration depressive episode [4-13 days], depressive episode with insufficient symptoms)

Unspecified Depressive Disorder

[DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS]

Presentations of depressed mood with clinically significant impairment that do not meet full criteria, and clinician does not wish to specify the reason, possibly due to insufficient information

Specifiers for Depressive Disorders

With anxious distress; With mixed features; With melancholic features; With atypical features; With psychotic features; With catatonia; With postpartum onset; With seasonal pattern; In partial remission, in full remission; Severity: Mild, Moderate, Severe

Bipolar 1 Disorder

[BIPOLAR AND RELATED DISORDERS]

At least one lifetime manic episode (hypomanic or major depressive episode may occur but not required)

course/duration/onset: at least 1 week

Bipolar II Disorder

[BIPOLAR AND RELATED DISORDERS]

At least one hypomanic episode (for at least 4 days) and at least one major depressive episode (for at least 2 weeks), never been a manic episode

Cyclothymic Disorder

[BIPOLAR AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Numerous distinct sub-criteria periods with hypomanic symptoms and periods of depressive symptoms present at least half the time for at least 2 years (has not been without symptoms for more than 2 months at a time)

***1 year in children/adolescents

Substance/Medication Induced Bipolar and Related Disorder

[BIPOLAR AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Prominent and persistent elevated, expansive or irritable mood and/or depressed mood or anhedonia that developed during or soon after intoxication, withdrawal or exposure to substance/medication which is capable of producing said symptoms

Known Substances/Medications: Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic; Amphetamine (or other stimulant); Cocaine

Exceptions: Case of hypomania/mania that occurs after and persists beyond physiological effects of antidepressant medication or treatment (such as ECT)

Bipolar and Related Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

[BIPOLAR AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Prominent and persistent elevated, expansive or irritable mood and increased activity or energy that are direct pathophysiological consequences of another medical condition (e.g., Cushing’s disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, traumatic brain injury)

Other Specified Bipolar and Related Disorder

[BIPOLAR AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Bipolar-like symptoms that cause clinically significant distress or impairment but does not meet full criteria and clinician specifies the reason (e.g. short-duration hypomanic episodes (2-3 days) and major depressive episodes hypomanic episode without prior major depressive episode, short-duration cyclothymia)

Unspecified Bipolar and Related Disorder

[BIPOLAR AND RELATED DISORDERS]

Bipolar-like symptoms that cause clinically significant distress or impairment but does not meet full criteria and clinician does not choose to communicate the reason, possibly due to insufficient information

Specifiers for Bipolar Episodes

With anxious distress, with mixed features, with rapid cycling, with melancholic features, with atypical features, with psychotic features, with catatonia, with prepartum onset, with seasonal pattern; In partial remission, In full remission; Mild Moderate, Severe