Humant Anatomy Flash Cards

Anatomy

The study of physical body structures (the parts)

Physiology

The study of how those structures function and work together (the actions)

Gross

Study of large body parts you can see with the eye

Histology

The branch of anatomy that studies the microscopic structure of biological tissues

Cytology

The scientific study of individual cells, their internal structure, chemical composition, and function

Axial

Pertaining to head, neck, and trunk

Appendicular

Pertaining to the upper or lower limbs

Cranial Cavity

Space in the skull containing the brain

Vertebral Cavity

Pertaining to the bones of the spinal column

Thoracic Cavity

Hollow space inside the chest containing the thoracic organs

Abdominal Cavity

Space between the diaphragm and the pelvic cavity that contains the abdominal viscera

Pelvic Cavity

Space within the ring formed by the sacrum and hip bones that encloses the terminal part of the large intestine, urinary bladder, and the internal reproductive organs

Mediastinum

The compartment in the thoracic cavity between the lungs

Viscera

Organs in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Diaphragm

A sheetlike structure largely composed of skeletal muscle and connective tissue that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities

Parietal Membranes

Pertaining the wall of a cavity

Visceral Membranes

Pertaining to the organs within a body cavity

Pleural Membranes

Serous membrane that encloses the lungs and lines the chest wall

Pericardial Membranes

Forms a double-walled sac called the pericardium that surrounds, protects, and anchors the heart

Peritoneal Membranes

Lining the abdominopelvic cavity and wrapping around internal organs

Integumentary System

The organ system that includes the skin, hair, and nails

Skeletal System

The organ system that includes the bones, ligaments, and the cartilage that hold them together

Muscular System

The organ system that includes the skeletal muscles

Nervous System

The organ system that includes the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs

Endocrine System

The organ system that includes the glands that secrete hormones into the blood

Cardiovascular System

The organ system that includes the heart and the blood vessels

Lymphatic System

The organ system that includes lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, the thymus, the spleen, and a fluid called lymph, is a defense against infection

Digestive System

The organ system that includes the salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, and intestines

Respiratory System

The organ system that obtains oxygen for the body cells and removes carbon dioxide through the lungs, trachea, and bronchi

Reproductive System

The organ system in the male and female that work together to produce offspring. Includes the urethra, ovaries, testes, and uterus.

Urinary (Excretory) System

The organ system that includes the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.