final phil

eudaimonia

living well/ human flourishing

arete

virtue of character

apatheia

freedom from destructive feelings

hosion

the pious

atman

the soul

moksa

liberation from the cycle of rebirth

karma

action and its consequences

dharma

sacred duty, or role

ksanti

patience in the face of suffering

duhkha

suffering inherent to existence

anatman

no personal self

bodhicitta

the awakened mind

bodhisattva

one who seeks enlightenment but delays it to help others achieve it

arhat

one who has attained spiritual liberation

dao

the way, the process of everything

de

virtue arises from alignment with the dao

wuwei

non action, acting in accordance with the flow

wuyu

absence of desire

wuzhi

freedom from artificial knowledge that interferes with natural understanding

tian

heaven, the natural order concerning the world

ziran

naturalness or spontaneity

li

ritual propriety, behaviors that cultivate virtue and social harmony

junzi

noble person, morally cultivated through learning

ren

humaneness or benevolence

yi

righteousness, doing what is morally appropriate

zhi

wisdom

wei

artifical or contrived action

tianming

mandate of heaven, moral authority granted by heaven

duan

moral sprouts

xin

heart-mind, the center of thought, emotion, and morals

xing

human nature