Biology Vocab Quiz

atom

the basic unit of a chemical element.

compound

a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.

molecule

a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.

adhesion

the binding or attraction between dissimilar molecules, atoms, surfaces, or substances.

solvent

substance (molecule) with the ability to dissolve other substances (solutes) to form a solution

base

a substance that can neutralize the acid by reacting with hydrogen ions.

carbohydrate

biological molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of roughly one carbon atom ( ‍ ) to one water molecule ( H 2 O ‍ )

nucleotide

a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group.

nucleus

the structure in a cell that contains the chromosomes.

ionic bond

a chemical bond formed when one atom gives up one or more electrons to another atom

hydrogen bond

a type of attractive (dipole-dipole) interaction between an electronegative atom and a hydrogen atom bonded to another electronegative atom.

mixture

a physical blend of two or more substances that preserve their identities and are blended in the form of solutions, suspensions, or colloids.

suspension

a heterogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

buffer

a solution that can resist pH change upon the addition of an acidic or basic components

monosaccharide

the simplest units of carbohydrates and the simplest form of sugar

protein

A molecule made up of amino acids.

electron

A small particle with a negative charge that is found in all atoms

ion

an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge

cohesion

the attraction of molecules for other molecules of the same kind

solution

a homogeneous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent

pH

A measure of how acidic or basic a substance or solution is.

monomer

a single molecule that is often linked together to form a larger molecule known as a polymer

lipid

any of various organic compounds that are insoluble in water.

amino acid

the fundamental molecule that serves as the building block for proteins.

element

a substance whose atoms all have the same number of protons

covalent bond

a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms

solute

A substance that is dissolved in a solution

acid

A chemical that gives off hydrogen ions in water and forms salts by combining with certain metals

polymer

any of a class of natural or synthetic substances composed of very large molecules, called macromolecules,

nucleic acid

large bio molecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses.

polar

electrons are not shared evenly over the covalent bond and the atoms involved have small partial charges resulting in what are called dipoles.