Cell Communication and Feedback Mechanisms

These flashcards cover key concepts related to cell communication, mechanisms of feedback, and the function of neurons.

Quorum Sensing

The process by which bacteria communicate and coordinate their behavior based on population density using chemical signal molecules.

Feedback Mechanisms

Processes that help organisms maintain internal balance by responding to internal and external environmental changes.

Negative Feedback

A common feedback mechanism that counteracts changes to maintain homeostasis by returning the system to its target set point.

Positive Feedback

A mechanism that amplifies responses and processes in organisms, moving a variable further away from the initial set point.

Local Signaling

Communication that occurs when secreting cell and target cell are in close proximity, usually involving local regulators.

Long Distance Signaling

Communication involving secreting and target cells that are far apart, typically utilizing hormones.

Action Potentials

Electrical impulses that travel along neurons, initiated by depolarization caused by the opening of sodium channels.

Synapse

The junction between two neurons where transmission of information occurs, involving neurotransmitters.

Neurotransmitters

Chemical messengers that transmit signals across a synapse between neurons.

Membrane Potential

The difference in electrical charge across a cell membrane, maintained by ion pumps and channels.