Interspecific Competition and the Lotka-Volterra Model

These flashcards cover key concepts related to interspecific competition, the Lotka-Volterra model, and the outcomes of species interactions as discussed in the lecture.

Interspecific Competition

Competition between two or more species for limited resources.

Exploitation

A type of competition where one species uses resources more effectively than another.

Interference

A type of competition involving direct interactions between species, such as aggression.

Territoriality

Behavioral exclusion of others in a specific area, affecting population dynamics.

Preemption

A competitive interaction where occupation by one species prevents establishment by others.

Overgrowth

A competition strategy where one organism physically grows over another, inhibiting its growth.

Chemical Interaction

Release of toxins or growth inhibitors into the environment, affecting neighboring species (allelopathy).

Lotka-Volterra Model

A mathematical model used to describe the dynamics of biological systems in which two species compete.

Competition Coefficients (α and β)

Values that quantify the per capita effect of one species on the growth rate of another during competition.

Zero-Growth Isocline

A graphical representation showing the population sizes at which the growth rate of a species is zero.

Competitive Exclusion Principle

The principle stating that two species competing for the same resources cannot coexist indefinitely.

Zonation

The distribution of different species across various environmental gradients.

Transplant Experiment

An experimental method where species are moved to different habitats to study competition and ecological interactions.

Spartina Species

A genus of salt marsh plants studied for competitive dynamics in varying environmental conditions.

Experimental Support

Evidence from experiments that validate theoretical models, such as the Lotka-Volterra model in competitive studies.

Relative Competitive Ability

The effectiveness of a species to compete for resources in relation to its competitors.

Brook Trout, Brown Trout, Creek Chub

Three fish species referenced in studies of competitive dynamics in varying water temperatures.