BIO 112: Lab 3 - Geological Time Scale

4

The amount of eons

Hadean

Eon 1, 4.6 -3.850 billion years ago

Precambrian

what is the only supereon between 3.850 and 542 billion years ago

Archea

eon 2, 3.850-2.5 billion years ago

Proterozoic

eon 3, 2.5-542 billion years ago

Phanerozoic

eon 4, 542 million years ago

Mass extinction

events where large numbers of organism groups / taxa die off rapidly

Adaptive radiation

The event that occurs after mass extinction to the remaining organisms that adapt rapidly to the environment

5

The amount of mass extinctions

Permian Triassic Extinction

The largest extinction that ended 96% of life, caused dinosaurs to go extinct.

relative dating

When fossils are dated based on their position within the earths rock layers/strata. method does not really work due to the moving of plate tectonics

absolute dating

The fossil dating method that is done by using radioactive isotopes found naturally in certain materials or rocks.

parent isotope

The product when a radioactive isotope decay

Daughter products

what it is called when an isotope continuously decays and becomes stable

Half life

The constant rate of decay of an isotope, the amount of time it takes for ½ to tun into a daughter product

Carbon-14

The radioactive isotope that can go back about 50,000 years and has a half-life pf 5730 years.

Paleozoic

The first era to occur at 542 million years ago

Mesozoic

the second era that starts at 251 million years ago

conozoic

the third era that starts at 65 million years ago

3.8 billion years

when was the first evidence of life

3.5 billion

when were the first fossils of algae and bacteria

2.4-2.4 billion

when free oxygen increased rapidly

1.8 billion years

when eukaryotic organism began to evolve

535 million years

when the Cambrian explosion occurred

Cambrian explosion

the event that caused a wide variety of species exploded.

470 million years

when the first land plants appeared

460 million years

when the first fish appeared

410 million years

when the first land animals appeared

251 million years

when the largest mass extinction occurred

247 million years

When the first dinosaurs appeared

200 million years

when the first mammals appeared

140 million years

When the first flowering flowers appeared

65 million years

when dinosaurs and other animals went extinct

30 million years

when mammals and plants became more abundant

2.4 million years

when the first version of the primate genus homo appeared

195,000 years

when the first homo sapiens appeared

13,000

when humans first inhabited the North America

10,000

when the last ice age that occurred ended

2,000

when romans dominated the old world

500

when the Europeans rediscovered the Americas

37

when humans first explored the moon