Cat and Dog Viral and Bacterial Diseases Lecture Notes

Flashcards cover key concepts related to cat and dog viral and bacterial diseases, including their characteristics, transmission, clinical signs, treatment, and prevention.

What are viral diseases composed of?

Very small particles that consist of a strand of either RNA or DNA enclosed in a protein shell called a capsid.

Why can't viruses survive independently?

Viruses require a host cell for replication.

What does a virus do once it infects a susceptible cell?

It takes control of some of the cell's biochemical processes, allowing it to replicate and infect other cells.

What type of therapy is typically used for viral infections?

Supportive therapy and vaccination.

What are the two main types of supportive therapy mentioned for viral infections?

Fluids and electrolytes for hydration, and medication to control clinical signs.

What is the main cause of Feline Upper Respiratory Disease?

Feline herpesvirus (rhinotracheitis) or feline calicivirus in 80% of cases.

How is Feline Upper Respiratory Disease commonly transmitted?

Through intimate contact between infected and susceptible cats.

What are the initial clinical signs of Feline Upper Respiratory Disease?

Rhinitis, sneezing, nasal discharge which can become purulent or bloody.

What is the typical duration for recovery from Feline Upper Respiratory Disease?

Usually 1-2 weeks.

What is the Panleukopenia Virus?

A parvo virus that causes severe disease, often fatal to kittens and feral cats.

How is the Panleukopenia Virus primarily transmitted?

Mostly fecal shedding; can also be in vomit, urine, or saliva.

What does Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) cause in infected cats?

Can cause cancer and is contagious to all cats.

What are the main outcomes for a cat infected with FeLV?

Development of immune resistance, immune carriers, latent infection, or persistent viremia.

How does the body respond in cases of hypothyroidism in dogs?

Leads to a decline in basal metabolic rate, energy needs, and various clinical signs such as weight gain and dull coat.

What causes Cushing's Syndrome in dogs?

Overproduction of steroid hormones by the adrenal gland.

What is the treatment approach for heartworm in dogs?

Treatment involves antibiotics to kill bacteria associated with heartworms, followed by injectable medication (melarsomine) to kill adult heartworms.

What clinical signs can be observed in cats infected with FIV?

Can include various signs like chronic infections due to immunodeficiency.

What is the best way to prevent tick infestations in pets?

Using preventative medications and regular checks for ticks.

What is the primary reservoir for rabies?

Skunks, raccoons, bats, and foxes.

What type of vaccine is recommended for rabies prevention in pets?

Core vaccinations that protect against diseases with high morbidity and mortality risks.