Chemical Compounds

Oleum

mixture of concentrated H2SO4 and saturated SO3

Fuming sulfuric acid (oleum) increases H₂SO₄ concentration.

Burel

MnO2

Minium (red lead)

Pb3O4

Quicklime or Burnt lime

CaO

Salmiak

NH4Cl

Metaphosphoric acid

HPO3

Potassium Nitrite

KNO2

CuSO4.3H2O

Copper sulphate trihydrate

mercury(I) chloride, calomel, mercurous chloride

Hg2Cl2

Chromium(III) potassium sulfate dodecahydrate

KCr(SO4)2.12H2O

Phosphorus pentoxide

P4O10

Lead sulphide

PbS

Calcium phosphite

CaHPO3

Diphosgene

COCl2

Greenish iron oxide mineral (Green Rust)

Fougerite

Heptahydrate of magnesium sulphate

Epsom salt: MgSO4·7H2O

Borax (sodium borate)

Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O

Aluminium nitride

AlN

Tetrahydridoaluminate

LiAlH4 (reducing agent) (aluminium with alkali metal hydrides)

Ferric chloride

FeCl3 (Can etch honey)

Extinguishing lime with water produces

Calcium hydroxide

Francium

87Fr223 (Group 1) (21 minutes half-life)

Tungsten hexafluoride

WF6 (heaviest known gas)

Wolfram (Tungsten)

W 74

Mineral corundum

Al2O3 (alpha-modification)

Gypsum

CaSO4·2H2O

Chile saltpetre

NaNO3

Pentahalide of vanadium

Vanadium Fluoride (VF5)

The product of combustion of which alkali metal is an oxide partially contaminated with peroxide.

Lithium

Titanium white

Titanium dioxide

To shade the X-ray equipment the following is used:

Barium sulphate

Vanadium isopolysulphite

Na6V10O28.18H2O (formed by anionic aggregation)

Which vanadium oxide yields a vanadyl cation when dissolved in non-oxidizing acids?

VO2

Hypochlorous acid

HClO (weak acid)

Perchloric acid

HClO₄ (strong oxidizer) (stable and can be isolated from aqueous solutions)

Sphalerite

ZnS

Pyrite

FeS2

Galena

PbS mineral

Hydrofluoric acid

HF (can react with glass (Silicon dioxide) to form silicon tetrafluoride (SiF₄) gas and water, effectively etching and damaging the glass container).

Sylvite (Sylvine)

KCl

Nitrous Oxide gas

blue

Hydrogen or Acetylene gas

red

Toxic or corrosive gases, ie. hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) or nitrogen dioxide (NO₂).

brown

Nitrogen gas (N₂).

green

Isotopes He-4 and He-3

Induces superfluidity at extremely low temperatures (complete absence of viscosity, allowing a fluid to flow without friction)

Octasulfur

S8 (a common allotrope of sulfur)

Brass

an alloy of copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn)

Grignard's reagent

R-Mg-X, where R is an alkyl or aryl group and X is a halogen, used in organic synthesis to form new carbon-carbon bonds.

Heneicosane

CH₃(CH₂)₁₉CH₃ (white wax)

Cadmium sulfide (cadmium yellow pigment)

CdS

Carbide

a compound composed of carbon and a metal (eg. CaC2 or calcium carbide)

Vermilion

a red pigment; mercuric sulfide (HgS); not an alloy.

Nickel tetracarbonyl

Ni(CO)₄

hexachloroiridite.

[IrCl₆]³⁻

platinum hexafluoride

PtF6

Yellow prussiate of potash (soda)

potassium ferrocyanide K₄[Fe(CN)₆].

Chloroform

CHCl3 (trichloromethane)